Searcharxiv⌕ Search

SEARCH · Searcharxiv

Results for “physics.gen-ph”

Search indexed arXiv papers on artificial intelligence, large language models, computer vision and robotics. Read source abstracts and follow links to arXiv.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
arXiv2009

Preon models, relativity, quantum mechanics and cosmology (I)

Preons are hypothetic constituents of the standard particles. They were initially assumed to have basically similar properties to those of conventional matter. But this is not necessarily the case: the ultimate constituents of matter may feel a different space-time from that of special relativity and exhibit mechanical properties different from those predicted by standard quantum mechanics. They can also play an important cosmological role (inflation, dark matter, dark energy...). It is even not obvious that energy and momentum would have to be conserved in such a scenario. In this series of papers, we review the subject using the superbradyon model as an example, and suggest new ways to explore possible tests of the preon hypothesis.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Pseudogap associated with precursor pairing

This work argues that the off-diagonal long range order (ODLRO) is not necessary for showing superconductivity while the electron pairing around Fermi surface is sufficient for superconductivity. It is shown that there exists the pseudogap state associated with the electron pairing in real space and the high temperature superconductivity could be only found in the metallic region near the Mott metal insulator transition (MIT).

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Gravity and Information: Putting a Bit of Quantum into GR

It is shown that quantum aspects of the energy-momentum tensor reveal dark matter and dark energy behavior for general relativity. Special meaning is assigned to the operator X^2d^2/dX^2 +2Xd/dX, for any field X that is part of the energy-momentum tensor, and to the distinction between information on gravitational and non-gravitational effects. Changes in such information cause the Sun-Earth distance to increase by 11 cm/yr.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Graphene, neutrino mass and oscillation

A resolution of the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma is presented that other constant velocities can play the role of c in the theory of relativity. For example, in 2005 electrons of graphene were discovered to behave as if the coefficient is a Fermi velocity. Then we propose a conjecture for neutrinos to avoid the contradiction among two-component theory, negative rest mass-square and oscillation.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2021

Photon-Detector Entanglement by interference at beam splitter (Collapse and spontaneous superposition breaking)

In this work we suggest an original, realistic and simple, form of the experiment of interference of single photon at beam splitter. Here quantum entanglement (Schrodinger cat effect) between photon and photon trajectories detector (which includes two same simple two-level systems) is studied. It admits a consistent model of the detection or measurement procedure. Concretely here (self-)collapse at detector is consistently treated as the spontaneous (non-dynamical) breaking (effective hiding) of the unitary symmetry (superposition or entanglement) of quantum mechanical dynamics. It can be considered as an especial case of the general formalism of the spontaneous symmetry breaking.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Determination of total mechanical energy of the universe within the framework of Newtonian mechanics

The recent astronomical observations indicate that the expanding universe having a finite particle horizon is homogeneous, isotropic and asymptotically flat. The Euclidean geometry of the universe enables to determine the total kinetic and gravitational energies of the universe within the framework of the Newtonian mechanics. It has been shown that almost the entire kinetic energy of the universe ensues from the cosmological expansion. Both, the total kinetic and gravitational energies of the universe have been determined in relation to an observer at arbitrary location. It is amazing that the modulus of the total gravitational energy differs from the total kinetic energy with a multiplier close to a unit. Thus, the total mechanical energy of the universe has been found close to zero. Both, the total kinetic energy and the modulus of total gravitational energy of the universe are estimated to 3/10 of its total rest energy M*c^2.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Extending Special Relativity to Superluminal Motion

Experiments done with single photon in the early 1990's produced a surprising result: that single photon pass through a photon tunnel barrier with a group velocity faster than the vacuum speed of light. Recently, a series of experiments revealed that electromagnetic wave was able to travel at a group velocity faster than $c$. These phenomena have been observed in dispersive media. We think all particles can be divided into three kinds in nature: The first kind of particle is its velocity in the range of $0\leq v < c$, e.g. electron, atom and so on. The second kind of particle is its velocity in the range of $0\leq v < c_{m}$, e.g. photon. The third kind of particle is its velocity in the range of $c\leq v < c_{m}$ ($c_{m}$ is the maximum velocity in universe), e.g. tachyon. The first kind of particle is described by the special relativity. In this paper, we give some new kinematic and dynamic equations to describe the second and third kinds particles.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Relativistic Fluids and the Physics of Gravitational Collapse

We present a discussion on some physical aspects of gravitational collapse which is based on a list of questions related to relevant issues in the study of that phenomenon. Providing answers to those questions we bring out the role played by different physical processes in the dynamics of spherical collapse.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2014

The Consequences of the Charge for the Mass of the Elementary Particles

We study the consequences which the presence of an elementary electric charge in mu^(+-) and pi^(+-) has for the rest mass of mu^(+-) and pi^(+-). The addition of the electric charges e^(+-) to the massive neutral bodies of these particles does not increase the energy in the rest mass of the muon and pion, but rather decreases their energy by the binding energy of the electric charge to the neutral bodies of the muon and pion. The addition of a charge to the neutral neutrino lattices of the muon or pion changes the simple cubic lattices of the neutral particles to face-centered cubic lattices of the charged particles, which is essential for the stability of the particles.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Accurate Quark CKM Mixing Matrix in terms of one universal parameter

The quark Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix is a fundamental part of the Standard Model accurately determined to fit world data analysis. In this paper the CKM matrix elements are high accurately rendered via simple compact parameterization by one small dimensionless parameter. Unique value of the KM CP-violating phase -65.53 deg is derived in agreement with fitting the data Wolfenstein parameterization. With the three mixing angles and CP-violating phase quantitatively determined, the complete content of the CKM global fit in the SM is accurately reproduced within the small relative 1 S.D. ranges in the form of a united system. Parameterization of the neutrino Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagava-Sakata mixing matrix by the same parameter in agreement with available data is related to the quark CKM one by the idea of quark-neutrino mixing angle complementarity extended to the relation between Dirac CP-violating phases.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Scar-like structures and non-integrability in a perfectly square optical billiard

We show that scar-like structures (SLS) in a wide aperture vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) can be formed even in a perfectly square geometry due to interaction of polarization and spatial degrees of freedom of light. We show also that dissipation in the system induces an order among the cavity modes, so that SLS become preferred at lasing threshold. More generally, modes which are more localized both in coordinate and momentum space have in average lower losses.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2009

Hydrogen Atom and Time Variation of Fine-Structure Constant

In this paper, we have solved the de Sitter special relativistic ($\mathcal{SR}_{cR}$-) Dirac equation of hydrogen in the earth-QSO(quasar) framework reference by means of the adiabatic approach. The aspects of geometry effects of de Sitter space-time described by Beltrami metric are explored and taken into account. It is found that the $\mathcal{SR}_{cR}$-Dirac equation of hydrogen is a time dependent quantum Hamiltonian system. We provide an explicit calculation to justify the adiabatic approach in dealing with this time-dependent system. Since the radius of de Sitter sphere $R$ is cosmologically large, the evolution of the system is very slow so that the adiabatic approximation legitimately works with high accuracy. We conclude that the electromagnetic fine-structure constant, the electron mass and the Planck constant are time variations. This prediction of fine-structure constant is consistent with the presently available observation data. For confirming it further, experiments/observations are required.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Non-Prefered Reference Frames and Anomalous Earth Flybys

Let us consider a reference frame Sigma prime in which the pseudo-Euclidean geometry holds. Einstein assumed that the principle of special relativity is valid, i.e. the reference frame of any uniformly moving observer is also described by the pseudo-Euclidean geometry. The transformation formulae from one reference frame to the other one are therefore given by the well-known Lorentz-transformations. But Einsteins assumption contradicts the observed dipole anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in the universe. The transformation formulae of the prefered reference frame Sigma prime in which the pseudo-Euclidean geometry is valid to a uniformly moving observer in a non-prefered reference frame Sigma are stated. The geomerty in Sigma is anisotropic. The Doppler shift of objects moving in a non-prefered reference frame is calculated. This result is applied to spacecrafts which fly near the Earth. The observed anomalous frequency shift of several spacecrafts during near Earth flybys does not arise in the non-prefered reference frame Sigma

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Quantum Behavior in Machian Model

The essentials of quantum theory, the Schrödinger equation and the Planck constant, are derived using classical statistical mechanics within the non-local Machan model. The appearance of complex wave function is connected with the necessity of quantization condition when one neglects the existence of the preferred frame and assumes Galilean symmetry of the model.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Card game restriction in LHC can only be successful!

We argue that a restriction determined by a drawn card or quantum random numbers, on the running of LHC (Large Hadron Collider), which was proposed in earlier articles by us, can only result in an, at first, apparent success whatever the outcome. This previous work was concerned with looking for backward causation and/or influence from the future, which, in our previous model, was assumed to have the effect of arranging bad luck for large Higgs producing machines, such as LHC and the never finished SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) stopped by Congress because of such bad luck, so as not to allow them to work.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Unless Connected to Relativity the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics are Incompatible

The first part of this paper is a condensed synthesis of the matter presented in several previous ones. It begins with an argumentation showing that the first and second laws of thermodynamics are incompatible with one another if they are not connected to relativity. The solution proposed consists of inserting the Einstein mass-energy relation into a general equation that associates both laws. The second part deals with some consequences of this new insight and its possible link with gravitation. Despite a slight modification of the usual reasoning, the suggested hypothesis leads to a simplification and extension of the thermodynamic theory and to the idea that relativity is omnipresent around us.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

The Eternal Closed Universe: Deflation-Inflation

An outgrowth of the idea of inflation is advanced. In the inflation regime, the singularity condition is broken. Equations which govern inflation are invariant under time reversal, so that they describe deflation as well. Those two observations suggest that inflation may be extended to the following process: deflation (t<0)--minimum radius >0 (t=0)--inflation (t>0), with no singularity. A relevant construction is carried out in the framework both of classical and of reductive semiclassical gravity. The construction results in an eternal (-\infty<t<\infty) contracting-expanding closed universe.

physics.gen-ph↗