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We obtain nonperturbative results in the framework of continuous Liouville theory. In particular, we express the specific heat ${\cal Z}$ of pure gravity in terms of an expansion of integrals on moduli spaces of punctured Riemann spheres. The integrands are written in terms of the Liouville action. We show that ${\cal Z}$ satisfies the Painlevé I.
We discuss how transitions in the space of heterotic K3*T^2 compactifications are mapped by duality into transitions in the space of Type II compactifications on Calabi-Yau manifolds. We observe that perturbative symmetry restoration, as well as non-perturbative processes such as changes in the number of tensor multiplets, have at least in many cases a simple description in terms of the reflexive polyhedra of the Calabi-Yau manifolds. Our results suggest that to many, perhaps all, four-dimensional N=2 heterotic vacua there are corresponding type II vacua.
We present some mathematical aspects of Landau-Ginzburg string vacua in terms of toric geometry. The one-to-one correspondence between toric divisors and some of (-1,1) states in Landau-Ginzburg model is presented for superpotentials of typical types. The Landau-Ginzburg interpretation of non-toric divisors is also presented. Using this interpretation, we propose a method to solve the so-called "twisted sector problem" by orbifold construction. Moreover,this construction shows that the moduli spaces of the original Landau-Ginzburg string vacua and their orbifolds are connected. By considering the mirror map of Landau-Ginzburg models, we obtain the relation between Mori vectors and the twist operators of our orbifoldization. This consideration enables us to argue the embedding of the Seiberg-Witten curve in the defining equation of the Calabi-Yau manifoulds on which the type II string gets compactified. Related topics concerning the Calabi-Yau fourfolds and the extremal transition are discussed.
We derive conjectures for the N=2 "chiral" determinant formulae of the Topological algebra, the Antiperiodic NS algebra, and the Periodic R algebra, corresponding to incomplete Verma modules built on chiral topological primaries, chiral and antichiral NS primaries, and Ramond ground states, respectively. Our method is based on the analysis of the singular vectors in chiral Verma modules and their spectral flow symmetries, together with some computer exploration and some consistency checks. In addition, and as a consequence, we uncover the existence of subsingular vectors in these algebras, giving examples (subsingular vectors are non-highest-weight null vectors which are not descendants of any highest-weight singular vectors).
The cohomology of a compact Kaehler (resp. hyperKaehler) manifold admits the action of the Lie algebra so(2,1) (resp. so(4,1)). In this paper we show, following an idea of Witten, how this action follows from supersymmetry, in particular from the symmetries of certain supersymmetric sigma models. In addition, many of the fundamental identities in Hodge-Lefschetz theory are also naturally derived from supersymmetry.
In this paper we show that conifold transitions between Calabi-Yau 3-folds can be used for the construction of mirror manifolds and for the computation of the instanton numbers of rational curves on complete intersection Calabi-Yau 3-folds in Grassmannians. Using a natural degeneration of Grassmannians $G(k,n)$ to some Gorenstein toric Fano varieties $P(k,n)$ with conifolds singularities which was recently described by Sturmfels, we suggest an explicit mirror construction for Calabi-Yau complete intersections $X \subset G(k,n)$ of arbitrary dimension. Our mirror construction is consistent with the formula for the Lax operator conjectured by Eguchi, Hori and Xiong for gravitational quantum cohomology of Grassmannians.
A role of reducible connections in Non-Abelian Seiberg-Witten invariants is analyzed with massless Topological QCD where monopole is extended to non-Abelian groups version. By giving small external fields, we found that vacuum expectation value can be separated into a part from Donaldson theory, a part from Abelian Monopole theory and a part from non-Abelian monopole theory. As a by-product, we find identities of U(1) topological invariants. In our proof, the duality relation and Higgs mechanism are not necessary.
We present subsingular vectors of the N=2 superconformal algebras other than the ones which become singular in chiral Verma modules, reported recently by Gato-Rivera and Rosado. We show that two large classes of singular vectors of the Topological algebra become subsingular vectors of the Antiperiodic NS algebra under the topological untwistings. These classes consist of BRST- invariant singular vectors with relative charges $q=-2,-1$ and zero conformal weight, and no-label singular vectors with $q=0,-1$. In turn the resulting NS subsingular vectors are transformed by the spectral flows into subsingular and singular vectors of the Periodic R algebra. We write down these singular and subsingular vectors starting from the topological singular vectors at levels 1 and 2.
For a real Enriques surface Y we prove that every homology class in H_1(Y(R), Z/2) can be represented by a real algebraic curve if and only if all connected components of Y(R) are orientable. Furthermore, we give a characterization of real Enriques surfaces which are Galois-Maximal and/or Z-Galois-Maximal and we determine the Brauer group of any real Enriques surface.
We consider smooth algebraic varieties with ample either canonical or anticanonical sheaf. We prove that such a variety is uniquely determined by its derived category of coherent sheaves. We also calculate the group of exact autoequivalences for these categories. The technics of ample sequences in abelian categories is used.
I prove that every finite-dimensional Poisson manifold X admits a canonical deformation quantization. Informally, it means that the set of equivalence classes of associative algebras close to the algebra of functions on X is in one-to-one correspondence with the set of equivalence classes of Poisson structures on X modulo diffeomorphisms. In fact, a more general statement is proven ("Formality conjecture"), relating the Lie superalgebra of polyvector fields on X and the Hochschild complex of the algebra of functions on X. Coefficients in explicit formulas for the deformed product can be interpreted as correlators in a topological open string theory, although I do not use explicitly the language of functional integrals. One of corollaries is a justification of the orbit method in the representation theory.
An arbitrary Feynman graph for string field theory interactions is analysed and the homeomorphism type of the corresponding world sheet surface is completely determined even in the non-orientable cases. Algorithms are found to mechanically compute the topological characteristics of the resulting surface from the structure of the signed oriented graph. Whitney's permutation-theoretic coding of graphs is utilized.
A finite subgroup of the conformal group SL(2,C) can be related to invariant polynomials on a hypersurface in C^3. The latter then carries a simple singularity, which resolves by a finite iteration of basic cycles of deprojections. The homological intersection graph of this cycles is the Dynkin graph of an ADE Lie group. The deformation of the simple singularity corresponds to ADE symmetry breaking. A 3+1-dimensional topological model of observation is constructed, transforming consistently under SL(2,C), as an evolving 3-dimensional system of world tubes, which connect ``possible points of observation". The existence of an initial singularity for the 4-dimensional space-time is related to its global topological structure. Associating the geometry of ADE singularities to the vertex structure of the topological model puts forward the conjecture on a likewise relation of inner symmetries of elementary particles to local space-time structure.
A derivation of the Cesàro-Fedorov relation from the Selberg trace formula on an orbifolded 2-sphere is elaborated and extended to higher dimensions using the known heat-kernel coefficients for manifolds with piecewise-linear boundaries. Several results are obtained that relate the coefficients, $b_i$, in the Shephard-Todd polynomial to the geometry of the fundamental domain. For the 3-sphere we show that $b_4$ is given by the ratio of the volume of the fundamental tetrahedron to its Schläfli reciprocal.
The short note is devoted to the setting free of hidden symmetries in Verma modules over sl(2,C) by the noncommutative Veronese mappings.
We found another N=1 odd superanalog of complex structure (the even one is widely used in the theory of super Riemann surfaces). New N=1 superconformal-like transformations are similar to anti-holomorphic ones of nonsupersymmetric complex function theory. They are dual to the ordinary superconformal transformations subject to the Berezinian addition formula presented, noninvertible, highly degenerated and twist parity of the tangent space in the standard basis. They also lead to the ''mixed cocycle condition'' which can be used in building noninvertible objects analogous to super Riemann surfaces. A new parametrization for the superconformal group is presented which allows us to extend it to a semigroup and to unify the description of old and new transformations.
Highest-weight type representation theories of the affine sl(2) and N=2 superconformal algebras are shown to be equivalent modulo the respective spectral flows.
This is a continuation of our "Lecture on Kac--Moody Lie algebras of the arithmetic type" \cite{25}. We consider hyperbolic (i.e. signature $(n,1)$) integral symmetric bilinear form $S:M\times M \to {\Bbb Z}$ (i.e. hyperbolic lattice), reflection group $W\subset W(S)$, fundamental polyhedron $\Cal M$ of $W$ and an acceptable (corresponding to twisting coefficients) set $P({\Cal M})\subset M$ of vectors orthogonal to faces of $\Cal M$ (simple roots). One can construct the corresponding Lorentzian Kac--Moody Lie algebra ${\goth g}={\goth g}^{\prime\prime}(A(S,W,P({\Cal M})))$ which is graded by $M$. We show that $\goth g$ has good behavior of imaginary roots, its denominator formula is defined in a natural domain and has good automorphic properties if and only if $\goth g$ has so called {\it restricted arithmetic type}. We show that every finitely generated (i.e. $P({\Cal M})$ is finite) algebra ${\goth g}^{\prime\prime}(A(S,W_1,P({\Cal M}_1)))$ may be embedded to ${\goth g}^{\prime\prime}(A(S,W,P({\Cal M})))$ of the restricted arithmetic type. Thus, Lorentzian Kac--Moody Lie algebras of the restricted arithmetic type is a natural class to study. Lorentzian Kac--Moody Lie algebras of the restricted arithmetic type have the best automorphic properties for the denominator function if they have {\it a lattice Weyl vector $ρ$}. Lorentzian Kac--Moody Lie algebras of the restricted arithmetic type with generalized lattice Weyl vector $ρ$ are called {\it elliptic}