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arXiv2009

Progress on four flavor QCD with the HISQ action

We describe recent progress on generation of gauge configurations using the Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) action that was designed by the HPQCD/UKQCD collaboration. The HISQ action requires two levels of smearing with a reunitarization of the links before the second smearing. We describe how we deal with the occurrence of occasional large forces arising from the reunitarization step. The MILC collaboration is currently generating ensembles with approximate lattice spacings of 0.15, 0.12, 0.09, and 0.06 fm, with the strange and charm quark masses close to their physical values and the mass of the light quarks m_l set to 0.2 m_s. We present recent results for pion taste splittings, light hadron masses, the static potential, the eta_c dispersion relation and the topological susceptibility.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Conformal Dynamics for TeV Physics and Cosmology

We introduce the topic of dynamical breaking of the electroweak symmetry and its link to unparticle physics and cosmology. The knowledge of the phase diagram of strongly coupled theories plays a fundamental role when trying to construct viable extensions of the standard model (SM). Therefore we present the state-of-the-art of the phase diagram for SU, Sp and SO gauge theories with fermionic matter transforming according to arbitrary representations of the underlying gauge group. We summarize several analytic methods used recently to acquire information about these gauge theories. We also provide new results for the phase diagram of the generalized Bars-Yankielowicz and Georgi-Glashow chiral gauge theories. These theories have been used for constructing grand unified models and have been the template for models of extended technicolor interactions. To gain information on the phase diagram of chiral gauge theories we will introduce a novel all orders beta function for chiral gauge theories. This permits the first unified study of all non-supersymmetric gauge theories with fermionic matter representation both chiral and non-chiral. To the best of our knowledge the phase diagram of these complex models appears here for the first time. We will introduce recent extensions of the SM featuring minimal conformal gauge theories known as minimal walking models. Finally we will discuss the electroweak phase transition at nonzero temperature for models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2009

Mixing of S-Wave Charmonia with $\mathrm{D}\overline{\mathrm{D}}$ Molecule States

Charmonium states can decay into pairs of $D$ and $\overline{D}$ mesons if their masses are above the allowed decay thresholds. In general $c\bar{c}$ states near threshold will also undergo mixing with $D\overline{D}$ molecular (or tetraquark) states, by creation and annihilation of light quark-antiquark pairs. The investigation of such effects sheds light on the higher Fock state contributions to charmonium wavefunctions and on mass shifts, relative to a scenario where such mixing effects are neglected. A variational approach is applied to a mixing matrix between operators of both sectors, of $c\bar{c}$ and of $D\overline{D}$ molecular type. The efficient calculation of several diagrams appearing in this matrix requires all-to-all propagators, which are realized by sophisticated stochastic estimator techniques. The runs are performed on $n_F=2$ $24^3\times 48$ lattice volumes with $m_π \approx 280$ MeV, using the non-perturbatively improved clover Wilson action, both for valence and for sea quarks.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Continuum results for light hadrons from 2+1 flavor DWF ensembles

From simultaneous fits to the data from the 2+1 flavor DWF ensembles generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations at two different lattice spacings, we present preliminary continuum results for light hadrons. We focus on light pseudoscalar decay constants and quark masses. Several approaches to the calculation of the lattice spacing are discussed and the errors associated with the chiral extrapolation are explained. We make use of reweighting in the dynamical strange quark mass such that our ensembles have a self-consistently determined strange quark mass.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Aspects of Confinement in Coulomb Gauge

I present some new results regarding confinement as it appears in Coulomb gauge. It is found that: i) a recently proposed Yang-Mills vacuum wavefunctional in temporal gauge and 2+1 dimensions yields a Coulomb-gauge ghost propagator and linear Coulomb potential in good agreement with lattice Monte Carlo results; ii) adding a few constituent gluons to heavy quark-antiquark states brings the interaction energy much closer to that of the static quark potential, and suggests the beginnings of gluon-chain formation at roughly one fermi; iii) a perturbative approach to Faddeev-Popov eigenvalues indicates that the zero eigenvalue at the Gribov horizon may occur either at, or away from, p=0, depending on the gauge choice and spacetime dimension. This last result may be relevant to the qualitatively different infrared behavior of the ghost propagator in Coulomb and Landau gauges.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Vacuum structure and Casimir scaling in Yang-Mills theories

The vacuum of Yang-Mills theories can be imagined as a magnetically disordered medium with domain structure, with color magnetic flux in each domain quantized in units corresponding to the gauge group center. This model leads to the prediction of Casimir scaling, i.e. the proportionality of string tensions of potentials (at intermediate distances) between color sources from higher-representations to eigenvalues of the quadratic Casimir operator. I present evidence for Casimir scaling in G(2) lattice gauge theory. I also discuss support for some ingredients of the model from the recently conjectured form of the Yang-Mills ground-state wave-functional.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Isospin breaking in 2+1 flavor QCD+QED

The mass splittings in the pseudoscalar mesons are studied by combining 2+1 flavor domain wall fermion gauge configurations, generated by the RBC/UKQCD collaborations, and quenched, non-compact, lattice QED configurations. We extract the QED low energy constants in SU(3) partially quenched chiral perturbation theory, up to next-to-leading order, and determine the non-degenerate u, d and s quark masses. Systematic uncertainties due to chiral extrapolations are discussed. The chiral symmetry breaking of domain wall fermions on the lattice and its effect in partially quenched chiral perturbation theory, including QED effects, is also investigated.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Kaons on the lattice

I review recent lattice results in kaon physics, particularly in the determination of V_{us} and the B_K parameter of K^0-\bar{K}^0 mixing. I use lattice data to argue for the need of developing SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R chiral perturbation theory for kaon physics and discuss some recent progress in achieving this. In particular it is shown that for K_{\ell 3} decays at q^2=0 (where q is the momentum transfer between the kaon and the pion), the chiral logarithms can be calculated in spite of the fact that the external pion carries half the energy of the kaon (in the kaon's rest frame), because these logarithms arise from soft internal loops. Future prospects, including applications to K\toππdecays are discussed. The need to define and exploit renormalization schemes which can simultaneously be implemented numerically in lattice simulations and used in higher-order perturbative calculations is explained.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Spectroscopy and Decay Constants from Nonperturbative HQET at Order 1/m

We carry out a thorough analysis with the GEVP method to obtain ground-state and first-excited-state masses and decay constants of bottom-strange (pseudo-scalar and vector) mesons. This computation is done for quenched, nonperturbatively renormalized HQET, including order $1/m_b$ terms. The continuum limit is obtained using three lattice spacings and two static actions.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

The lattice infrared Landau gauge gluon propagator: from finite volume to the infinite volume

The Landau gauge lattice gluon propagator is discussed for different sets of lattices. Particular attention is given to its infrared properties. Our results show that the lattice propagator can be made compatible with either the decoupling-like or the scaling-like solution of the Dyson-Schwinger equations. Furthermore, the analysis of the Cucchieri-Mendes bounds is performed onsidering large volume simulations and the Oliveira-Silva ratios are computed. If the first do not give a clear answer about the value of D(0), the second method favors a $D(0) = 0$. Finally, the SU(3) and SU(2) propagators are compared in the infrared. It comes out that the propagators are different although the infrared exponents seem to be similar. The analysis suggests a scaling behaviour $D(0) \sim N$ with the gauge group SU(N).

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Third moments of conserved charges in QCD phase diagram

We point out that the third moments of conserved charges, the baryon and electric charge numbers, and energy, as well as their mixed moments, change their signs around the QCD phase boundary in the temperature and baryon chemical potential plane. These signs can be measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions, and will give clear information on the phase structure of QCD and the state of the system in the early stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions. The behaviors of these moments on the temperature axis and at small quark chemical potential can be analyzed in lattice QCD simulations. We emphasize that the third moments obtained on the lattice, together with the experimental results, will provide a deep understanding about the QCD phase diagram and the location of the state created in heavy ion collisions.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Finite Size Scaling and Universality in SU(2) at Finite Temperature

We study the 4-th Binder cumulant on $4\times{N_σ}^3$ lattices for a pure SU(2) gauge theory. We use 20 data points for a sequence of ${N_σ}$ in $β$ intervals shrinking when ${N_σ}$ increases, in order to reduce the nonlinear effects. Using a log-log fit of the slope versus ${N_σ}$, we obtain the preliminary result $ν=0.637(11)$ in reasonably good agreement with the value for the 3D Ising model universality class. The corrections due to irrelevant directions appear to be dominated by a term proportional to ${N_σ}^{-2.03(4)}$ which seems compatible with the breaking of rotational symmetry.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

The epsilon regime of chiral perturbation theory with Wilson-type fermions

In this proceeding contribution we report on the ongoing effort to simulate Wilson-type fermions in the so called epsilon regime of chiral perturbation theory. We present results for the chiral condensate and the pseudoscalar decay constant obtained with Wilson twisted mass fermions employing two lattice spacings, two different physical volumes and several quark masses. With this set of simulations we make a first attempt to estimate the systematic uncertainties.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Two-particle Correlation Functions with Distilled Propagators

Correlation functions of the simplest multi-particle state will be presented using distilled quark propagators. The I=2 pi-pi state can be simulated without computing disconnected diagrams and thus is the simplest two-particle state that can be studied with quark sources placed on a single time-slice. We study the quality of the signals of this pi-pi correlation function using the quark-smearing guided distillation method. Results will be presented for pi-pi correlation functions computed on dynamical, anisotropic lattices.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

B spectroscopy with NRQCD and HISQ

Using NRQCD b quarks and HISQ light, strange and charm quarks we have calculated B meson masses and B^*-B splittings. We quote results for a range of lattice spacings and sea quark masses, enabling controlled extrapolation to the physical point. Since the $b$ quark masses and lattice spacing are fixed from the Υand other meson masses, this allows accurate, parameter-free tests of B, B_s, and B_c masses against experiment. We can also predict the mass of the B^*_c meson.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

QPACE -- a QCD parallel computer based on Cell processors

QPACE is a novel parallel computer which has been developed to be primarily used for lattice QCD simulations. The compute power is provided by the IBM PowerXCell 8i processor, an enhanced version of the Cell processor that is used in the Playstation 3. The QPACE nodes are interconnected by a custom, application optimized 3-dimensional torus network implemented on an FPGA. To achieve the very high packaging density of 26 TFlops per rack a new water cooling concept has been developed and successfully realized. In this paper we give an overview of the architecture and highlight some important technical details of the system. Furthermore, we provide initial performance results and report on the installation of 8 QPACE racks providing an aggregate peak performance of 200 TFlops.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Traces of a fixed point: Unravelling the phase diagram at large Nf

With a sufficiently high number of fundamental fermionic flavours present, Yang-Mills theory develops an infrared fixed point and becomes (quasi-)conformal in nature. The range of flavour numbers for which this occurs defines the conformal window, the lower limit of which has yet to be determined. We studied the phase diagram of SU(3) Yang-Mills theory with twelve flavours of staggered fermions. Here we present evidence for the occurrence of a bulk transition towards a chirally broken phase and the existence of a Coulomb phase on the symmetric side of this transition, using results from the measurements of the chiral condensate and spectrum, leading to the determination of a positive sign of the beta function. Assuming the validity of the Appelquist-Miransky-Yamawaki scenario, this implies the existence of a conformal window that comprises the theory under investigation.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2009

Singularities of QCD in the complex chemical potential plane

We study the thermodynamic singularities of QCD in the complex chemical potential plane by a numerical simulation of lattice QCD, and discuss a method to understand the nature of the QCD phase transition at finite density from the information of the singularities. The existence of singular points at which the partition function (Z) vanishes is expected in the complex plane. These are called Lee-Yang zeros or Fisher zeros. We investigate the distribution of these singular points using the data obtained by a simulation of two-flavor QCD with p4-improved staggered quarks. The convergence radius of a Taylor expansion of ln Z in terms of the chemical potential is also discussed.

hep-lat↗