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arXiv2010

Duality, Mechanical Wave Theory, New Quantum Operators and Nonlinear Equations in Quantum Theory

Various dualities are summarized. Based on the universal wave-particle duality, along an opposite direction of the developed quantum mechanics, we use a method where the wave quantities frequency and wave length are replaced on various mechanical equations, and may be derive some new results. It is called the mechanical wave theory. From this we derive new operators which represent more physical quantities. Further, we propose some nonlinear equations and their solutions, which may be probably applied to quantum theory.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

An application of physical units (dimensional) analysis to the consideration of nonlinearity in electrical switched circuits

The argument of physical dimension/units is applied to electrical switched circuits, making the topic of the nonlinearity of such circuits simpler. This approach is seen against the background of a more general outlook (IEEE CAS MAG, III, 2009, pp. 56-62) on singular (switched and sampling) systems. The appendix suggests some points for the axiomatization of system theory considered as an independent science.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2013

Einstein's Moon

An account of the subjective elements of quantum mechanics or of whether, as Einstein famously asked, the Moon exists when nobody is looking at it.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

"Field-shell" of the self-interacting quantum electron

Self-interacting dynamics of non-local Dirac's electron has been proposed. This dynamics was revealed by the projective representation of operators corresponding to spin/charge degrees of freedom. Energy-momentum field is described by the system of quasi-linear ``field-shell" PDE's following from the conservation law expressed by the affine parallel transport in $CP(3)$ \cite{Le1}. We discuss here solutions of these equations in the connection with the following problems: curvature of $CP(3)$ as a potential source of electromagnetic fields and the self-consistent problem of the electron mass.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2013

Central symmetry and antisymmetry of the microwave background inhomogeneities on Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe maps

We performed a visual and numeric analysis of the deviation of the microwave background temperature on WMAP maps. We proved that the microwave background inhomogeneities possess the property of the central symmetry resulting from the two kinds of central symmetry of the opposite signs. After the computer modeling we have established the relation between the coefficient of the central symmetry and the values of the symmetrical and antisymmetrical components of the deviation of the temperature. The obtained distribution of the symmetry coefficient on the map of the celestial sphere in Mollweide projection testifies on a contribution of both kinds of central symmetry which is approximately equal on the average in absolute magnitude but opposite by sign and where one kind of the central symmetry prevails on some sections of the celestial sphere and another kind - on the others. The average resulting value of the symmetry coefficient on the sections with angular measures less than 15-200 varies within the range from -50% to +50% with some prevalence of the antisymmetry - the average coefficient of the central symmetry for the whole celestial sphere is -4 +/- 1%. (antisymmetry 4%). Small scale structure of the distribution indicates that it is the result of the combined action of the mechanisms of the central symmetry and central antisymmetry, close to 100%.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Hidden Beauty in Twisted Viking Neck Rings

Many hoards found in Ireland, Scotland, Orkney Islands, and Scandinavia demonstrate the vikings ability to fabricate beautiful arm and neck rings of twisted silver and gold rods. Characteristic for such rings is the uniform appearance of the twisted pattern along the length of the arm ring, as well as from one arm ring to another, also when found at distant geographical locations. How can the appearance of the twisted wires be so perfectly repetitive? We demonstrate that the answer is that the vikings utilized a self-forming motif: The pattern arises from a twisting of the wires to a maximally rotated configuration. That is why the twist patterns in these arm and neck rings are beautiful, repetitive, and universal.

physics.pop-ph↗
arXiv2012

Unique Physically Anchored Cryptographic Theoretical Calculation of the Fine-Structure Constant α Matching both the g/2 and Interferometric High-Precision Measurements

The fine-structure constant α, the dimensionless number that represents the strength of electromagnetic coupling in the limit of sufficiently low energy interactions, is the crucial fundamental physical parameter that governs a nearly limitless range of phenomena involving the interaction of radiation with materials. Ideally, the apparatus of physical theory should be competent to provide a calculational procedure that yields a quantitatively correct value for α and the physical basis for its computation. This study presents the first demonstration of an observationally anchored theoretical procedure that predicts a unique value for α that stands in full agreement with the best (~370 ppt) high-precision experimental determinations. In a directly connected cryptographic computation, the method that gives these results also yields the magnitude of the cosmological constant ΩΛ in conformance with the observational data and the condition of perfect flatness (ΩΛ + Ωm=1.0). Connecting quantitatively the colossal with the tiny by exact statements, these findings testify that the universe is a system of such astonishing perfection that an epistemological limit is unavoidably encountered.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2012

Precision Cryptographic Calculation of the Observed Values of the Cosmological Constants ΩΛ and Ωm as a Manifestation of the Higgs State in the Extension Field

The Higgs concept can be assigned a precise quantitative cosmic identity with a physically anchored cryptographic analysis. Specifically demonstrated is the direct correspondence of the supersymmetric solution pair (BHh1 and BHh2) of the Higgs Congruence in the extension field to the observed magnitudes of the cosmological constants and . These results are in perfect agreement with the maximally preferred magnitudes of these quantities as experimentally determined (0.712 < ΩΛ< 0.758 and 0.242 < Ωm< 0.308) by the concordance of measured ranges. The corresponding theoretical values found also satisfy exactly the condition for perfect flatness, an outcome that is legislated by the concept of supersymmetry in . Since previous work has established that the fine-structure constant α can be uniquely computed in the corresponding physically defined prime field, in sharp accord with the best high-precision measurement (~370 ppt) of α, the computation of and with the identical cryptographic apparatus demonstrates that a precise quantitative relationship exists between fundamental micro-scale couplings and the largest cosmic-scale entities. Since both fields and are fully defined by the prime (mod 4), the alliance of these quantitative findings relating provides additional confirming evidence for the correctness of its previously established physically based magnitude. Ultimately, a coherent synthesis is achieved in conformance with observational data that quantitatively relates the six physically intrinsic universal parameters α, G, h, c, ΩΛ, and Ωm.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Two types of proton-electron atoms in a vacuum and an extremely strong magnetic field

The Rutherford planetary model of a proton-electron atom is modified. Besides the Coulomb interaction of the point electron with the proton, its strong Coulomb interaction with the physical vacuum as well as the magnetic interaction between moving charges are taken into account. The vacuum interaction leads to the motion of the electron with the velocity of light \textit{c} in the circle with the radius being equal to the so-called classical electron radius $r_e$. Therefore, the velocity of the electron consists of two components: the velocity $\vec{\upsilon}$ of the mechanical motion and the velocity $\vec{c}$ of the photon-like motion. We postulate that $\vec{\upsilon}\bot \vec{c}$, and $\upsilon < c $. Hence, the electron inside the atom moves with the resulting faster-than-light velocity. The existence of two types of proton-electron atoms, the hydrogen atom and the neutron, is interpreted by the different motion and interaction of particles at large ($ r >> r_e $) and short ($ r < r_e $) distances. In the first atom, the effect of photon-like motion is small, and the electron moves around the proton with the velocity $\upsilon << c$ in an orbit of the radius $ r>>r_{e}$. In the second atom, the photon-like motion is the determining factor, and the electron moves around the proton with the faster-than-light velocity in an orbit of the radius $r < r_{e}$. The calculated ground-state properties of the free hydrogen atom and the free neutron are in good agreement with the experimental data. The properties of these atoms in extremely strong magnetic fields ($B >> 10^8 T$) that are typical for neutron stars are discussed.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Generalized Spin-Statistics Theorem

We derive the spin-statistics theorem in both relativistic and non-relativistic first-quantized form, extending considerably the earlier proofs. Our derivation is based on the representation theories of the groups SU (2) and SL(2,C), latter being the universal covering of the Lorentz group. We define the identity of particles. We include theories that have an internal symmetry group. We discuss consistency of the non-relativistic limit.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2014

Observational evidence favors a static universe

The common attribute of all Big Bang cosmologies is that they are based on the assumption that the universe is expanding. However examination of the evidence for this expansion clearly favours a static universe. The major topics considered are: Tolman surface brightness, angular size, type 1a supernovae, gamma ray bursts, galaxy distributions, quasar distributions, X-ray background radiation, cosmic microwave background radiation, radio source counts, quasar variability and the Butcher--Oemler effect. An analysis of the best raw data for these topics shows that they are consistent with expansion only if there is evolution that cancels the effects of expansion. An alternate cosmology, curvature cosmology, is in full agreement with the raw data. This tired-light cosmology predicts a well defined static and stable universe and is fully described. It not only predicts accurate values for the Hubble constant and the temperature of cosmic microwave background radiation but shows excellent agreement with most of the topics considered. Curvature cosmology also predicts the deficiency in solar neutrino production rate and can explain the anomalous acceleration of {\it Pioneer} 10.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

The Higgs scalar field with no massive Higgs particle

The postulate that all massless elementary fields have conformal Weyl local scaling symmetry has remarkable consequences for both cosmology and elementary particle physics. Conformal symmetry couples scalar and gravitational fields. Implications for the scalar field of a conformal Higgs model are considered here. The energy-momentum tensor of a conformal Higgs scalar field determines a cosmological constant. It has recently been shown that this accounts for the observed magnitude of dark energy. The gravitational field equation forces the energy density to be finite, which precludes spontaneous destabilization of the vacuum state. Scalar field fluctuations would define a Higgs tachyon rather than a massive particle, consistent with the ongoing failure to observe such a particle.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2014

From Unexpected Minkowskian Solution of General Relativity with Cosmological Constant to the Accelerating Universe

An unexpected Minkowskian solution of the equation of General Relativity (Einstein-1915) is trivial because it simply means that both members of the equation are equal to zero. However, if alternatively, one considers the complete equation with a non-zero (cosmological constant (Einstein-1917), a Minkowskian solution is no longer trivial because it amounts to impose a constraint on the right hand side of the equation (i.e. a non-null stress-energy tensor). If furthermore one identifies (as usual) this tensor to the one of a perfect fluid, one finds that this fluid has a positive energy density and a negative pressure. We discover finally an expanding Universal Minkowskian fluid (Flat Universe) that has not only dynamical properties (acceleration) but also optical properties that are connected with Doppler Redshift. Einstein special relativity in 1905 consisted in dissolving a ghost: the old electromagnetic ether; our relativistic approach involves also the dissolution of a ghost: the Dark Dnergy. This new cosmological ether becomes a pure relativistic effect of Minkowskian solution with CC.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Topological origin of vector boson masses in Electroweak Model

The topological mechanism for generation of vector boson masses in the Electroweak Model is discussed. Vector boson masses are automatically generated by transformation of the free Lagrangian from the noncompact $R_4$ matter fields space to the compact sphere $ S_3$. This model describes all experimentally observed fields and does not include the (up to now unobserved) scalar Higgs field. $W$- and $Z$-boson masses are expressed through the parameter $R$ by the same formulas as in the standard case. The free parameter $R$ of the model is now interpreted as the curvature radius of the spherical matter fields space. The development of this topological idea in different aspects, such as transformation to radial coordinates or nonlinearly realized gauge group or nonlinear partial-trace sigma-model, is briefly reviewed.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Quantum mechanics needs no consciousness (and the other way around)

It has been suggested that consciousness plays an important role in quantum mechanics as it is necessary for the collapse of wave function during the measurement. Furthermore, this idea has spawned a symmetrical proposal: a possibility that quantum mechanics explains the emergence of consciousness in the brain. Here we formulated several predictions that follow from this hypothetical relationship and that can be empirically tested. Some of the experimental results that are already available suggest falsification of the first hypothesis. Thus, the suggested link between human consciousness and collapse of wave function does not seem viable. We discuss the constraints implied by the existing evidence on the role that the human observer may play for quantum mechanics and the role that quantum mechanics may play in the observer's consciousness.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Do experiment and the correspondence principle oblige revision of relativistic quantum theory?

Recent preliminary data gathered by the Fermilab MINOS Collaboration suggest with 95% confidence that the mass of the muon neutrino differs from that of its antineutrino partner, which contradicts the entrenched relativistic quantum theory notion that a free antiparticle is a negative-energy free particle compelled to travel backwards in time. Also a discrepancy of about five standard deviations in the value of the proton charge radius recently obtained from muonic hydrogen versus that previously obtained from electronic hydrogen casts doubt on the calculation of the dominant relativistic QED contributions to the effects that are actually measured (e.g., the Lamb shift): these QED contributions dominate proton charge radius contributions less in muonic hydrogen than in electronic hydrogen. The negative-energy "free particles" of entrenched relativistic quantum theory are well-known features of the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations, which are shown to have many other unphysical features as well. The correspondence principle for relativistic particles is incompatible with these two equations, produces no unphysical features and implies only positive energies for free particles, which eliminates the very basis of the entrenched notion of antiparticles, as well as of the CPT theorem. This principle thus requires antiparticles to arise from charge conjugation (or more generally CP) invariance, whose known breaking is naturally expected to produce mass splitting between particle and antiparticle, in consonance with the preliminary MINOS data. It also requires revamping of relativistic QED, which is in accord with the doubt cast on it by the proton charge radius results, and implies that QED is nonlocal, i.e. has no Hamiltonian density.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2013

Manifestation of central symmetry of the celestial sphere in the mutual disposition and luminosity of the Quasars

We performed the check of supposition about the possibility of manifestation of the previously observed phenomenon of central symmetry of the celestial sphere through existence of the opposite quasars. We discovered the existence of some pairs of quasars located opposite each other with close by form profiles magnitudes of luminosity in the ranges u, g, r, i, z, when correlation coefficient close to 1. We discovered that the percentage of the pairs with correlation coefficients Rxy>0.98 for the opposite located quasars is significantly higher than that for the random pairs. The analysis of the dependence of this exceedance from the artificial breaking of the central symmetry has shown, that it practically disappears with symmetry breaking by more than 0.05 degrees. Thus we can confirmed the manifestation of the central symmetry of celestial sphere through existence of the central symmetrical pairs of quasars, which can be interpreted as the pairs of images of the same object. We shown the possibility of a theoretical modeling of the observed dependencies in the closed Universe model. It can be supposed, that a relatively small amount of the discovered pairs of the opposite quasars is conditioned by the fact, that the opposite objects for most of the quasars are galaxies, which are not included to the chosen as initial source of data quasar catalog SDSS-DR5.

physics.gen-ph↗