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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
arXiv2011

A Gedankenexperiment in Gravitation

In this paper we consider a thought experiment involving the effect of gravitation on an ideal scale containing a photon. If the tidal forces inherent to a gravitational field are neglected, then one is led to scenario which seems to bring about perpetual motion violating the first and second principle of thermodynamics. The tidal effects of gravity must neccessarily be included in order to obtain a consistent physical theory. As a result, Albert Einstein's thought experiments according to which the physical effects of inertia in an accelerated reference frame are equivalent to the effects of gravity in a frame at rest on the surface of a massive body must be reconsidered, since linearly accelerated frames do not produce tidal effects. We argue that the equivalence between inertial effects and gravitation can be restored for rotating frames and in this context a relation with the possible nature of quantum gravity is conjectured.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Econophysics: A Brief Review of Historical Development, Present Status and Future Trends

The conventional economic approaches explore very little about the dynamics of the economic systems. Since such systems consist of a large number of agents interacting nonlinearly they exhibit the properties of a complex system. Therefore the tools of statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics has been proved to be very useful the underlying dynamics of the system. In this paper we introduce the concept of the multidisciplinary field of econophysics, a neologism that denotes the activities of Physicists who are working on economic problems to test a variety of new conceptual approaches deriving from the physical science and review the recent developments in the discipline and possible future trends.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2014

Universes with and without a center

Two types of universe, with and without a center, are discussed; and their implications for the observed cmb (cosmic microwave background radiation) dipole are described. Theorems useful for understanding the cause for a cmb dipole are presented. Using the theorems stated and all existing data, a computation for the location of the center of the universe has been performed. In the universe without center, however, a complication arises by the appearance of the apparent center after the expansion of the universe has proceeded.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Comment on 'Frozen time in hyperbolic spacetime motion'

We show that the conclusion in version 3 of the paper 'Frozen time in hyperbolic spacetime motion' that time does not move in a spaceship undergoing hyperbolic motion is wrong because of a trivial error in interpreting the distance and time variables used in the paper, and because it now incorrectly states that "Hyperbolic motion does not imply constant acceleration."

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Comments on the Chern Number Argument of the Integer Quantum Hall Effect

The Chern number argument of the integer quantum Hall effect is invalid. Because a process of calculation does not change its result, the result of our numerical calculation means that the argument fails. We briefly explain why the misuse of the theory of fiber bundles happens.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2015

Scattering Relativity in Quantum Mechanics

By adding generalizations involving translations, the machinery of the quantum theory of free fields leads to the semiclassical equations of motion for a charged massive particle in electromagnetic and gravitational fields. With the particle field translated along one displacement, particle states are translated along a possibly different displacement. Arbitrary phase results. And particle momentum, a spin (1/2,1/2) quantity, is allowed to change when field and states are translated. It is shown that a path of extreme phase obeys a semiclassical equation for force with derived terms that can describe electromagnetism and gravitation.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Motifs of Networks from Frictional Interfaces

We have developed different network approaches to analyze complex patterns of frictional interfaces (contact area developments). Network theory is a fundamental tool for the modern understanding of complex systems in which, by a simple graph representation, the elementary units of a system become nodes, and their mutual interactions become links. With this transformation of a system into a network space, many properties of the system's structure and dynamics can be inferred. The rupture sequence of shear fractures were studied using a transformation form of contact patterns to complex networks; subsequently, sub-graph abundance within the corresponding networks was analyzed. To distinguish the different roles of collective deformation of an interface's elements, pure and non-pure contact patches (i.e., aperture) were mapped onto the nodes. The contact patches were connected with each other by using measurements of similarities as well as constrained geometrical distance and amount of net-contact area per patch, which yielded directed and non-directed networks. A universal trend in sub-graph distribution was observed. We confirmed that super-family phenomena are independent from rupture types in shear processes (as well as in slow or sub-Rayleigh fronts). Furthermore, global features of frictional interfaces as well as shear strength or hydraulic properties were scaled with motifs evolution. In particular, it was found that more common transitive motifs indicate residual shear strength stages, where fluctuations of stored potential energy surrounding rupture tip were minimal. Our approaches were tested over different available data sets, and it was found that discrete as well as real-time contact measurements resulted in the same universal patterns of sub-graphs

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Sitnikov problem as a source of jets

Sitnikov problem, consisting two close binaries and a third small body is considered, leading to a rapid ejection of the small body from the binaries. This mechanism is proposed as an explanation of jets in many astrophysical systems. Choosing appropriate initial condition relativistic final velocities can be achieved.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2012

Can quantum lattice be generated through several classical ones superimposed in spacetime continuum?

This paper has few different, but interrelated, goals. At first, we will propose a version of discretization of quantum field theory (Chapter 3). We will write down Lagrangians for sample bosonic fields (Section 3.1) and also attempt to generalize them to fermionic QFT (Section 3.2). At the same time, we will insist that the elements of our discrete space are embedded into a continuum. This will allow us to embed several different "lattices" into the same continuum and view them as separate "quantum" field configurations. Classical parameters will be used in order to specify "which lattice" each given element "belongs to". Furthermore, another set of "classical" parameters will be proposed in order to define so-called "probability amplitude" of each "field configuration", embodied by a corresponding lattice, "taking place" (Chapter 2). Apart from that, we will propose a set of "classical" signals that propagate throughout continuum, and define their dynamics in such a way that they produce the mathematical information consistent with the desired "quantum" effects within the lattices we are concerned about (Chapter 4). Finally, we will take advantage of the lack of "true" quantum mechanics, and "add" gravity in such a way that avoids the issue of its quantization altogether (Chapter 5). In the process of doing so, we will propose a gravity-based collapse model of a wave function. In particular, we will claim that the collapse of a wave function is merely a result of states that violate Einstein's equation being "thrown away". The mathematical structure of this model (in particular, the appeal to gambler's ruin) will be similar to GRW collapse models.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Anomalous Flyby in the Non-Prefered Reference Frame of the Rotating Earth

Several spacecrafts show an anomalous flyby. In a previous paper a non-prefered reference frame is studied moving uniformly relative to the prefered one. In this article the Doppler frequency residual is derived. The prefered reference frame is given by the isotropy of the CMB and the non-prefered one is the Earth. The resulting jump is much too small to explain the measured anomalous flybys of the different spacecrafts. Therefore, the transformations from the prefered frame to the non-prefered frame are replaced by the corresponding total differentials. A formula for the Doppler frequency residual is derived. It is applied to the prefered frame of the Earth and the non-prefered frame of the rotating Earth. The resulting Doppler residual depends on the direction of the velocity of the spacecraft and the position of the observer on the rotating Earth. It is similar to the experimental formula of Anderson et al. which is independent of the position of the observer.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2013

Could quantum mechanics, and even gravity, be all about a correct resolution of the classical self-force problem?

The self-force problem of classical electrodynamics has two closely linked facets: The ill defined dynamics of a point charge due to the divergent self field at the position of the charge, and the divergence of formally conserved quantities, such as the energy, associated with symmetries of the corresponding Lagrangian. Fixing the self-force problem amounts to the construction of a \emph{new} theory, which is free of the above pathologies and yet "sufficiently close" to the immensely successful original. In a recent paper by the present author such a proposal, dubbed extended charge dynamics (ECD), was presented. The essential ingredients of classical electrodynamics preserved by ECD (and, among the plethora of solutions to the problem, only by ECD) are: - Ontology. The electromagnetic field is the same unquantized classical field, while charges are sufficiently localized conserved currents, accounting for the manifest corpuscular nature of elementary charges. - Symmetries. ECD enjoys the full symmetry group of classical electrodynamics, most importantly the hidden symmetry of scale covariance. - Conservation laws. All ECD conservation laws formally coincide with their classical counterparts, and yet lead to finite conserved quantities. Despite this seemingly classical setting, and the reduction of ECD to classical electrodynamics in the latter's domain of validity, it is shown in the present paper that ensembles of ECD solutions could, in principle, reproduce the statistical predictions of quantum mechanics. Exclusively quantum mechanical concepts, such as interference, violations of Bell's inequalities, spin and even photons (despite the use of a classical EM field), all emerge as mere statistical manifestations of the self interaction of ECD charges.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

The idea of vortex energy

This work formulates and gives grounds for general principles and theorems that question the energy function doctrine and its quantum version as a genuine law of nature without borders of adequacy. The emphasis is on the domain where the energy of systems is conserved -- I argue that only in its tiny part the energy is in the kinetic, potential and thermal forms describable by a generalized thermodynamic potential, whereas otherwise the conserved energy constitutes a whole linked to vortex forces, and can be a factor of things like persistent currents and dark matter.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Liouville Black Hole In A Noncommutative Space

The space-noncommutativity adapted to the Liouville black hole theory is studied in the present work. Among our contributions, we present the solutions of noncommutative Liouville Black hole equations of motion and find their classical properties such as the ADM mass, the horizon and the scalar Ricci curvature.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Why is the magnetic force similar to a Coriolis force?

It is pointed out that the underlying reason why the magnetic force is similar to a Coriolis force is that it is caused by Thomas rotations, induced by successions of non-collinear Lorentz boosts. The magnetic force may even be viewed as a kind of Coriolis force (making perhaps more acceptable the apparent non-existence of magnetic monopoles). We also show that under a change of inertial frames, Faraday lines of force Lorentz contract as if 'etched' in space, while 'Coriolis' terms get added on.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2012

Specific features of the average magnitudes and luminosities of quasars and galaxies as a function of redshift and their interpretation in the modified cosmological model

In this paper we examine magnitudes of quasars as a function of redshift in different frequency ranges (u,g,r,i,z). We show that on the smoothed curves mag(Z) in frequency ranges u,g,r there are characteristic features both similar for all the curves and different for different curves. At Z<2 all the curves have practically the same form with two characteristic sections of the negative slope, at Z>2 the forms of the curves significantly differ. The nature of these differences can be interpreted as an influence of Lyman-alpha absorption. Then we analyze the dependencies on redshift of the magnitudes averaged over the sky in the range r, free fromLyman-alpha absorption effect, for galaxies and quasars and show that as for quasars and for galaxies the dependencies of average magnitudes on Z have a nature of converging oscillations with areas of negative slope, corresponding to increase of apparent luminosity with increasing of the distance. We calculate the corresponding values of the average absolute luminosities for the flat space and for different variants of the LambdaCDM model. In all cases they increase with the growth of the redshift. When the redshift increases from 0.02 to 2 then average radiation power of galaxies increases by thousands times. Such changes appear to be impossible which leads us to the assumption that these results are related to the used calculation methods and the features of the metric tensor underlying of the standard cosmological model. In the modified cosmological model which built on the metrics obtained with the considering the non-zero value of the differential of scale factor, appear features that are missing in the standard model, including the effect of increase of the apparent luminosity with the increase of distance. Calculation allows obtaining a curves close to dependencies of average magnitudes on redshift issuing from observation data.

physics.gen-ph↗