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arXiv2011

Interpretation of the supraluminous neutrinos by a theory of ether

We exposed between the years 2000 to 2011 a very general theory of Ether, giving an interpretation of all the main experiments connected to Special and General Relativity and Cosmology. This theory of Ether was most of time even not considered, because it was contrary to Special Relativity. But a French team of physicists (led by Dario Autiero) recently realized an experiment, whose the result was contrary to Special Relativity, because it implied that a particle could go faster that the light. We could suppose that this experiment was not good and due to an experimental error, but another solution is that Special Relativity is not good. And if it is the case, the modern Theory of Ether becomes very interesting, being the only one complete alternative theory to Special Relativity. In this article, we are going to give the interpretation of the experiment of Dario Autiero by the modern Theory of Ether

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2014

Anomalous gravitational vacuum fluctuations which act as virtual oscillating dipoles

In this work we review some concepts developed over the last few years: that the gravitational vacuum has, even at scales much larger than the Planck length, a peculiar structure, with anomalously strong and long-lasting fluctuations called "zero-modes"; and that these vacuum fluctuations behave as virtual particles of negative mass and can interact with each other, leading to the formation of weakly bound states. The bound states make up a continuum, allowing at each point of spacetime the local excitation of the gravitational vacuum through the coupling with matter in a coherent state. The spontaneous or stimulated decay of the excited states leads to the emission of virtual gravitons with spin 1 and large p/E ratio. In this paper we also expand and discuss in physical terms several important new details concerning the zero-mode interactions, the dynamics of virtual particles with negative mass and the properties of virtual gravitons.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2013

Do Dark Gravity Theories Predict Opera Superluminal Neutrinos and LENR Phenomena?

We investigate whether theories with two conjugate metrics g_{μν} and $\tilde{g}_{μν} = η_{μρ} η_{νλ} g^{ρλ}$ where $η_{μρ}$ is supposed to be a background non dynamical and flat Minkowkian metric or an auxiliary field, actually predicted the occurrence of apparently superluminal propagations (from our metric side $g_{μν}$ point of view) such as the one recently reported by the Opera experiment. We find that indeed such theories could predict the order of magnitude of the superluminal velocity and even explain the apparent conflict with the SN1987 normal neutrino speeds provided the neutrinos are able to oscillate between the two conjugate metrics while propagating in a dense medium. We then explain the theoretical motivations and explore all possible phenomenological consequences of the field discontinuities naturally expected in some Dark Gravity theories. Since the Opera results was not confirmed, these discontinuities do not actually allow a propagation of neutrinos oscillating between the two conjugate metrics. Two attempted crosslists (gr-qc, hep-th) for this article were rejected « upon a notice from Arxiv moderators, who determined the submission to be inappropriate for the gr-qc (General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology) and hep-th (High Energy Physics-Theory) subject classifications. »So if you think that this article and theoretical works in the references deserve to be known by theorists (up to now, no other such kind of predictions of supraluminous effects with the correct order of magnitude came to my knowledge) please make it known.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2013

"Classical" model of discrete QFT: Klein Gordon and electromagnetic fields

The purpose of this paper is to propose a "classical" model of "quantum" fields which is local. Yet it admittedly violates relativity as we know it and, instead, it fits within a bimetric model with one metric corresponding to speed of light and another metric to superlumianl signals whose speed is still finite albeit very large. The key obstacle to such model is the notion of functional in the context of QFT which is inherently non-local. The goal of this paper is to stop viewing functionals as fundamental and instead model their emergence from the deeper processes that are based on functions over $\mathbb{R}^4$ alone. The latter are claimed to be local in the above bimetric sense.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2013

Constructing a Robust Universe with Attraction-Repulsion Coupling and Energy Conservation

The discovery of accelerated cosmic expansion implies that, in addition to the attractive gravity of matter, there exists in our universe some other form of energy (dark energy or cosmological constant) producing a repulsive force. The natural interpretation of dark energy is the vacuum energy. However, the density of vacuum energy expected by the quantum field theory is 120 orders of magnitude larger than what is allowed by cosmological observations, which is called the cosmological constant problem and remains one of the most significant unsolved problems in fundamental physics. Here we show that the huge discrepancy can be resolved by assuming that our universe is an attraction-repulsion coupled system with energy conservation, and that the pre-inflation vacuum is in equilibrium between attraction and repulsion (in flat Minkowski spacetime, not de Sitter or anti de Sitter). The attraction-repulsion coupling picture can also easily explain why both kinds of energy in our universe have similar magnitude today, and avoid singularity problems in general relativity and cosmology.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Measuring Time of Flight Using Satellite-Based Clocks

Considering the OPERA neutrino-velocity measurement from the point of view of a GPS satellite we find that the detector at Gran Sasso has a velocity component in the order of $10^{-5}c$ towards the neutrino emission location at CERN. On GPS-receivers this translates into first-order Doppler terms, therefore a correction is required for, among other things, this ephemeris-and-location-dependent relativistic effect. To ensure correct time-of-flight measurements using satellite-based clocks we propose to extend their calibration procedures with an explicit check on these relativistic corrections.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Hadron Properties in a Chiral Quark-Sigma Model

Within a chiral quark sigma model in which quarks interact via the exchange of sigma and pi-mesons, hadron properties are investigated. This model of the nucleon and delta is based on the idea that strong QCD forces on very short distances (a small length scales 0.2- 1 fm) result in hidden chiral SU(2)xSU(2) symmetry and that there is a separation of roles between these forces which are responsible for binding quarks in hadrons and the forces which produce absolute confinement. We have solved the field equations in the mean field approximation for the hedgehog baryon state with different sets of model parameters. A new parametrization which well describe the nucleon properties has been introduced and compared with experimental data.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2017

Hamiltonian equations and inertial mass increase

It has been shown in the past century that the particle inertia against velocity change has increased at higher velocity values. This increase has been predicted in principle in the framework of special theory of relativity. However, any comparison of the corresponding prediction with experimental data obtained already in the first half of the past century has not been provided until now.It will be shown in the presented paper that quite arbitrary inertia mass increase with velocity may be described also in the framework of the classical physics on the basis of Hamilton's equations if the force law of Newton will be generalized; i.e., if time change of particle momentum (not directly acceleration) will be determined by corresponding force. More general velocity-dependent formulas (containing some free parameters) for kinetic energy, momentum and force will be then derived. It will be further shown that this generalized Hamiltonian mechanics describing general mass increase with velocity may be reduced to known result of classical physics of Newton if mass value is taken to be constant, and also that the result of special theory of relativity may be derived if the given increasing function is taken as predicted in this theory.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Slow photon delay and the neutrino velocity

Starting from the coordinate system used by Einstein to find the bending of light rays by gravitational fields we calculate the effect of the Earth gravitational energy along a hypothetical photon null path on the geoid non inertial system. There is an energy term, relative to an inertial system, which may be interpreted as a small time-relative "dressed" physical rest mass correction to the photon null mass. This relative gravitational potential energy determines a proper time delay proportional to the laboratory non inertial flying time interval along the trajectory with a small factor 5.276x10-5. We also use a geometric technique based on Ehresmann connections to compare the parallel transport of the photon vector and the neutrino spinor on null trajectories. The result is that there is a theoretical neutrino time delay from its inertial path which is half the delay of the photon. Applying these delays to a hypothetical particle trajectory from the CERN SPS/CNGS target to the LNGS OPERA detector we find that the difference between the experimental and theoretical results falls within the reported experimental errors. The delayed neutrino is faster than the delayed photon but its speed is smaller than the fundamental constant c. The results also indicate that neutrino trajectories, as photon trajectories, are affected by gravitational fields but with smaller effects.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Time as a parameter of statistical ensemble

The notion of time is derived as a parameter of statistical ensemble representing the underlying system. Varying population numbers of microstates in statistical ensemble result in different expectation values corresponding to different times. We show a single parameter which equates to the notion of time is logarithm of the total number of microstates in statistical ensemble. We discuss the implications of proposed model for some topics of modern physics: Poincaré recurrence theorem vs. Second Law of Thermodynamics, matter vs. anti-matter asymmetry of the universe, expansion of the universe, Big Bang.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2013

Chemical Reaction due to Stronger Ramachandran Interaction

The origin of a chemical reaction between two reactant atoms is associated to the activation energy, with the assumption that, high-energy collisions between these atoms, are the ones that overcome the activation energy. Here, we (i) show that a stronger attractive van der Waals (vdW) and electron-ion Coulomb interactions between two polarized atoms are responsible to initiate a chemical reaction, either before or after the collision. We derive this stronger vdW attraction formula exactly using the quasi one-dimensional Drude model within the ionization energy theory and the energy-level spacing renormalization group method. Along the way, we (ii) expose the precise physical mechanism responsible for the existence of a stronger vdW interaction for both long and short distances, and also show how to technically avoid the electron-electron Coulomb repulsion between polarized electrons from these two reactant atoms. Finally, we properly and correctly associate the existence of this stronger attraction to Ramachandran's 'normal limits' (distance shorter than what is allowed by the standard vdW bond) between chemically nonbonded atoms.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2013

A Toy Model of Renormalization and Reformulation

I consider a specially designed simple mechanical problem where "particle acceleration" due to an external force creates sound waves. Theoretical description of this phenomenon should provide the total energy conservation. To introduce "small radiative losses" into the phenomenological mechanical equation, I advance first an "interaction Lagrangian" similar to that of the Classical Electrodynamics (kind of a self-action ansatz). New, "better-coupled" mechanical and wave equations manifest unexpectedly wrong dynamics due to changes of their coefficients (masses); thus this ansatz fails. I show how we make a mathematical error with advancing a self-interaction Lagrangian. I show, however, that renormalization of the fundamental constants in the wrong equations works - the original inertial properties of solutions are restored. The exactly renormalized equations contain only physical fundamental constants, describe well the experimental data, and reveal a deeper physics - that of permanently coupled constituents. The perturbation theory is then just a routine calculation giving small and physical corrections. I demonstrate that renormalization is just illegitimately discarding harmful corrections compensating this error, that the exactly renormalized equations may sometimes accidentally coincide with the correct equations (a fluke), and that the right theoretical formulation of permanently coupled constituents can be fulfilled directly, if realized.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Holographic Dark Energy Model: State Finder Parameters

In this work, we have studied interacting holographic dark energy model in the background of FRW model of the universe. The interaction is chosen either in linear combination or in product form of the matter densities for dark matter and dark energy. The IR cut off for holographic dark energy is chosen as Ricci's length scale or radius of the future event horizon. The analysis is done using the state finder parameter and coincidence problem has been graphically presented. Finally, universal thermodynamics has been studied using state finder parameters.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2013

A proposal for a feasible quantum-optical experiment to test the validity of the No-Signaling Theorem

Motivated by a proposal from Greenberger [Physica Scripta T76, p.57 (1998) ] for superluminal signaling, and inspired by an experiment from Zou, Wang, and Mandel [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, p.318 (1991) ] showing interference effects within multi-particle entanglement without coincidence detection, we propose a feasible quantum-optical scheme that purports to manifest the capacity for superluminal transfer of information between distant parties

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Some light on "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam"

The recent publication in ArXiv of "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam" has attracted many interest due to the possible theoretical or phenomenological interpretation of the results. A subtle broadening effect on the size of the neutrino pulse appearing in the OPERA measurements is analyzed in this paper to show that the results are in agreement with "classical" theory of relativity.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

The Lineage of String Theory

The Regge trajectories, upon which string theory is based, behave as rigid rotators rather than vibrating strings. The same relation, between the angular momentum, and the square of the mass, can be found in gravity, the electroweak, and strong interactions. The angle deficit for cosmic strings is shown to be an angle excess that is related to the increase of the circumference of a uniformly rotating disc. Schrödinger's time independent equation with a centrifugal barrier gives an automorphic function that can be constructed as the ratio of its two independent solutions for values of the angular momentum lying outside of their positive, integer values. If the fixed points 0 and $\infty$ in the z-plane correspond to $-i$ and $+i$ in the $ω$-plane, then elliptic substitutions tessellate the $ω$-plane in the form of cresents, while if the fixed points correspond to -1 and +1 in the $ω$-plane are source and sink, just like the lines of force between positive and negative charges. The unit disc undergoes a stretching by a Lorentz transform.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

What's Wrong With Black Hole Thermodynamics?

Not only is the Bekenstein expression for the entropy of a black hole a convex function of the energy, rather than being a concave function as it must be, it predicts a final equilibrium temperature given by the harmonic mean. This violates the third law, and the principle of maximum work. The property that means are monotonically increasing functions of their argument underscores the error of transferring from temperature means to means in the internal energy when the energy is not a monotonically increasing function of temperature. Whereas the former leads to an increase in entropy, the latter lead to a decrease in entropy thereby violating the second law. The internal energy cannot increase at a slower rate than the temperature itself.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2012

On local duality invariance in electromagnetism

Duality is one of the oldest known symmetries of Maxwell equations. In recent years the significance of duality symmetry has been recognized in superstrings and high energy physics and there has been a renewed interest on the question of local duality rotation invariance. In the present paper we re-visit global duality symmetry in the Maxwell action and delineate the ambiguous role of gauge invariance and time locality. We have recently demonstrated that local duality invariance in a Lorentz covariant form can be carried out in the Maxwell equations. In this paper it is shown that in the four-pseudo vector Lagrangian theory of Sudbery a local duality generalization can be naturally and unambiguously implemented and the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion are consistent with the generalized Maxwell field equations. It is pointed out that the extension of Noether theorem in full generality for a vector action is an important open problem in mathematical physics. Physical consequences of this theory for polarized light and topological insulators are also discussed.

physics.gen-ph↗