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arXiv2008

An Improved Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Experiment

A new measurement of the neutron EDM, using Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields, is in preparation at the new high intensity source of ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland (PSI). The existence of a non-zero nEDM would violate both parity and time reversal symmetry and, given the CPT theorem, might lead to a discovery of new CP violating mechanisms. Already the current upper limit for the nEDM (|d_n|<2.9E-26 e.cm) constrains some extensions of the Standard Model. The new experiment aims at a two orders of magnitude reduction of the experimental uncertainty, to be achieved mainly by (1) the higher UCN flux provided by the new PSI source, (2) better magnetic field control with improved magnetometry and (3) a double chamber configuration with opposite electric field directions. The first stage of the experiment will use an upgrade of the RAL/Sussex/ILL group's apparatus (which has produced the current best result) moved from Institut Laue-Langevin to PSI. The final accuracy will be achieved in a further step with a new spectrometer, presently in the design phase.

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arXiv2012

Long-Range Multiplicity Correlations in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions as a Signal for Dense Partonic Matter

A dense form of matter is formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The constituent degrees of freedom in this dense matter are currently unknown. Long-range, forward-backward multiplicity correlations (LRC) are expected to arise due to multiple partonic interactions. Model independent and dependent arguments suggest that such correlations are due to multiple partonic interactions. These correlations are predicted in the context of the Dual Parton Model (DPM). The DPM describes soft partonic processes and hadronization. This model indicates that the underlying mechanism creating these long-range multiplicity correlations in the bulk matter is due to multiple partonic interactions. In this thesis, long-range multiplicity correlations have been studied in heavy ion (Au+Au and Cu+Cu) and hadron-hadron ({\it pp}) collisions. The behavior has been studied as a function of pseudorapidity gap ($Δη$) about $η$ = 0, the centrality, atomic number, and incident energy dependence of the colliding particles. Strong, long-range correlations ($Δη>$ 1.0) as a function of $Δη$ are found for central collisions of %(full overlap) heavy ions at an energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. This indicates substantial amounts of dense partonic matter are formed in central heavy ion collisions at an energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

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arXiv2008

Evidence for a narrow N(1685) resonance in eta photoproduction off the nucleon

Revised analysis of Sigma beam asymmetry for eta photoproduction off the free proton from GRAAL is presented. New analysis reveals a narrow structure near W ~1.685 GeV. We describe this structure by the contribution of a narrow resonance with quantum numbers P_{11}, or P_{13}, or D_{13}. Being considered together with the recent observations of a bump-like structure at W~1.68 GeV in the quasi-free eta photoproduction off the neutron, this result provides an evidence for a narrow (Gamma < 25 MeV) N*(1685) resonance. Properties of this possible new nucleon state, namely the mass, the narrow width, and the much stronger photocoupling to the neutron, are similar to those predicted for the non-strange member of anti-decouplet of exotic baryons.

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arXiv2008

Recent Spin Results from the PHENIX Detector at RHIC

The PHENIX Experiment on the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with its use of beams of polarized protons, provides a unique environment of hard scattering between gluons and quarks complementary to that provided by deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Polarized proton proton collisions can directly probe the polarized gluon and anti-quark distributions as the collisions couple the color charges of the participants. We will give a brief overview of the PHENIX Spin Program and we will report recent results of the many probes accessible to the PHENIX experiment.

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arXiv2009

Monte Carlo simulation of the experiment MAMBO I and possible correction of neutron lifetime result

We are discussing the present situation with neutron lifetime measurements. There is a serious discrepancy between the previous experiments and the recent precise experiment [1]. The possible reason of the discrepancy can be connected with a quasi-elastic scattering of UCN on the surface of liquid fomblin which was used for most of the previous experiments. The Monte Carlo simulation of one of the previous experiments [2] shows that the result of this experiment [2] has to be corrected and instead of the previous result 887.6 +/- 3 s the new result 880.4 +/- 3 s has to be claimed. [1] A.P. Serebrov et al., Phys. Lett. B 605 (2005) 72. [2] W. Mampe et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 63 (1989) 593.

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arXiv2008

Heavy Ion Physics at the LHC

The first Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC are little more than a year away. This paper discusses some of the exciting measurements which the experiments will be able to perform in the very first run, even with modest luminosity, and gives a very short overview of some of the most interesting ones attainable with more extended runs. The dedicated Heavy-Ion experiment ALICE, but also ATLAS and CMS, experiments optimized for p-p collisions, are ready and eager to make best use of the nuclear beams in the LHC as soon as they will be available. The main specificities of the three detectors for Heavy-Ion collisions will also be briefly addressed in this paper. I will try to show that already the first results obtainable with Heavy-Ion beams at the LHC will qualify it as a discovery machine, capable to provide fundamental new insight to our knowledge of high-density QCD matter.

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arXiv2008

Measurement of charm production cross-section and leptons from its semileptonic decay at RHIC

In this thesis, we present the measurements of $D^{0}\to Kπ$ at low $p_T$ ($p_T\leq2$ GeV/$c$) and non-photonic electron spectra ($0.9\leq p_T\leq5$ GeV/$c$) from $D^0$ semi-leptonic decay. In addition, we use a newly proposed technique to identify muons from charm decays at low $p_T$. The combination of all these three measurements stringently constrains the total charm production cross-section at mid-rapidity at RHIC. They also allow the extraction of the charmed hadron spectral shape and a study of possible charm radial flow in Au+Au collisions.

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arXiv2008

Deeply virtual Compton scattering off nuclei

Deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) is the golden exclusive channel for the study of the partonic structure of hadrons, within the universal framework of generalized parton distributions (GPDs). This paper presents the aim and general ideas of the DVCS experimental program off nuclei at the Jefferson Laboratory. The benefits of the study of the coherent and incoherent channels to the understanding of the EMC (European Muon Collaboration) effect are discussed, along with the case of nuclear targets to access neutron GPDs.

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arXiv2008

Collective phenomena in non-central nuclear collisions

Recent developments in the field of anisotropic flow in nuclear collision are reviewed. The results from the top AGS energy to the top RHIC energy are discussed with emphasis on techniques, interpretation, and uncertainties in the measurements.

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arXiv2008

Parametrization of the $\bar PP$ Elastic Scattering Differential Cross Section Between 2 GeV/c $\leq P_{lab}\leq$ 16 GeV/c

A parameterization of the $\bar pp$ differential elastic scattering cross section in the beam momentum range from 2 to 16 GeV/c is proposed. The parameterization well describes the existing data including the observed diffraction pattern at four-momentum transfer $|t|$ up to 1.5-2.0 GeV$^2$. It can be used for detailed calculations of the radiation load on the detectors being designed for the PANDA detector at the future FAIR facility in Darmstadt.

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arXiv2008

Neutrino scattering with nuclei - Theory of low energy nuclear effects and its applications

Current long baseline experiments aim at measuring neutrino oscillation parameters with a high precision. A critical quantity is the neutrino energy which can not be measured directly but has to be reconstructed from the observed hadrons. A good knowledge of neutrino-nucleus interactions is thus necessary to minimize the systematic uncertainties in neutrino fluxes, backgrounds and detector responses. In particular final-state interactions inside the target nucleus modify considerably the particle yields through rescattering, charge-exchange and absorption. Nuclear effects can be described with our coupled channel GiBUU transport model where the neutrino first interacts with a bound nucleon producing secondary particles which are then transported out of the nucleus. In this contribution, we give some examples for the application of our model focusing in particular on the MiniBooNE and K2K experiments.

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arXiv2008

Capabilities of the CMS detector for studies of hard probes in heavy ion collisions at the LHC

The capabilities of the CMS experiment to study properties of hot and dense QCD-matter created in heavy ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with the perturbative processes (so-called "hard probes") are presented. Detailed studies from complete simulations of the CMS detectors in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.5$ TeV per nucleon pair are presented in view of two hard probes: quarkonium and $γ$-jet production.

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arXiv2008

The SNO+ Experiment

The SNO+ experiment is the follow-up to the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). The heavy water that was in SNO will be replaced with a liquid scintillator of linear alkylbenzene (plus fluor). SNO+ has many physics goals including detecting pep and CNO solar neutrinos, detecting geo-neutrinos, studying reactor neutrino oscillations, serving as a supernova neutrino detector and carrying out a search for neutrinoless double beta decay by adding neodymium to the liquid scintillator. Since a large amount of 150Nd isotope can be added to SNO+, a competitive search would be possible, with sensitivity below 100 meV using natural Nd and sensitivity below 40 meV with enriched neodymium.

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arXiv2008

Azimuthal correlations between charged hadrons and direct photons at high-p$_{t}$ in $p+p$ and $Au+Au$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV

Recent results at STAR for direct $γ$-charged hadron azimuthal correlations in heavy-ion collisions are presented. These correlations are used to study the color charge density of the medium through the medium-induced modification of high-p$_T$ parton fragmentation. Azimuthal correlations of direct photons at high transverse energy 8 $<$ E$_T$ $<$ 16 GeV with away-side charged hadrons of transverse momentum 3 $<$ p$_T$ $<$ 6 GeV/c have been measured over a broad range of centrality for $Au+Au$ collisions and $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV in the STAR experiment. The per-trigger away-side yield of direct $γ$ is smaller than from $π^{0}$ triggers in the same centrality class.

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arXiv2008

Exotic Collective Excitations at High Spin: Triaxial Rotation and Octupole Condensation

In this thesis work, two topics, triaxiality and reflection asymmetry, have been discussed. Band structures in $^{163}$Tm were studied in a "thin" target experiment as well as in a DSAM lifetime measurement. Two new excited bands were shown to be characterized by a deformation larger than that of the yrast sequence. These structures have been interpreted as Triaxial Strongly Deformed bands associated with particle-hole excitations, rather than with wobbling. Moreover, the Tilted-Axis Cranking calculations provide a natural explanation for the presence of wobbling bands in the Lu isotopes and their absence in the neighboring Tm, Hf and Ta nuclei. A series of so-called "unsafe" Coulomb excitation experiments as well as one-neutron transfer measurements was carried out to investigate the role of octupole correlations in the $^{238,240,242}$Pu isotopes. Some striking differences exist between the level scheme and deexcitation patterns seen in $^{240}$Pu, and to a lesser extent in $^{238}$Pu, and those observed in $^{242}$Pu and in many other actinide nuclei such as $^{232}$Th and $^{238}$U, for example. The differences can be linked to the strength of octupole correlations, which are strongest in $^{240}$Pu. Further, all the data find a natural explanation within the recently proposed theoretical framework of octupole condensation.

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arXiv2009

Electric dipole moment searches: Effect of linear electric field frequency shifts induced in confined gases, II

The next generation of particle edm searches will be at such a high sensitivity that it will be possible for the results to be contaminated by a systematic error resulting from the interaction of the motional (E x v/c) magnetic field with stray field gradients. In this paper we extend previous work to present an analytic form for the frequency shift in the case of a rectangular storage vessel and discuss the implications of the result for the neutron edm experiment which will be installed at the SNS (Spallation Neutron Source) by the LANL collaboration

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arXiv2008

Search for Fingerprints of Tetrahedral Symmetry in $^{156}Gd$

Theoretical predictions suggest the presence of tetrahedral symmetry as an explanation for the vanishing intra-band E2-transitions at the bottom of the odd-spin negative parity band in $^{156}Gd$. The present study reports on experiment performed to address this phenomenon. It allowed to determine the intra-band E2 transitions and branching ratios B(E2)/B(E1) of two of the negative-parity bands in $^{156}Gd$.

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arXiv2009

Femtoscopically Probing the Freeze-out Configuration in Heavy Ion Collisions

Two-particle femtoscopy reveals the space-time substructure of the freeze-out configuration from heavy ion collisions. Detailed fingerprints of bulk collectivity are evident in space-momentum correlations, which have been systematically measured as a function of particle type, three-momentum, and collision conditions. A clear scenario, dominated by hydrodynamic-type flow emerges. Reproducing the strength and features of the femtoscopic signals in models involves important physical quantities like the Equation of State, as well as less fundamental technical details. An interesting approximate "factorization" in the measured systematics suggests that the overall physical freeze-out scale is set by final state chemistry, but the kinematic substructure is largely universal. Referring to previous results from hadron and lepton collisions, we point to the importance of determining whether these "universal" trends persist from the largest to the smallest systems. We review theoretical expectations for heavy ion femtoscopy at the LHC, and point to directions needing further theory and experimental work at RHIC and the LHC.

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