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The number e^{(1/2)} is the ratio between the time of maximum value and the time of maximum growth rate for restricted growth phenomena?

For many natural process of growth, with the growth rate independent of size due to Gibrat law and with the growth process following a log-normal distribution, the ratio between the time (D) for maximum value and the time (L) for maximum growth rate (inflexion point) is then equal to the square root of the base of the natural logarithm (e^{1/2}). On the logarithm scale this ratio becomes one half ((1/2)). It remains an open question, due to lack of complete data for various cases with restricted growth, whether this e^{1/2} ratio can be stated as e^{1/2}-Law. Two established examples already published, one for an epidemic spreading and one for droplet production, support however this ratio. Another example appears to be the height of humain body. For boys the maximum height occurs near 23 years old while the maximum growth rate is at the age near 14, and there ratio is close to e^{1/2}. The main theoretical base to obtain this conclusion is problem independent, provided the growth process is restricted, such as public intervention to control the spreading of communicable epidemics, so that an entropy is associated with the process and the role of dissipation, representing the mechanism of intervention, is maximized. Under this formulation the principle of maximum rate of entropy production is used to make the production process problem independent.

physics.gen-ph↗

Trapping of slow-speed particles in a gas cell by the nonhomogeneous electromagnetic field intensifying with time

Author suggests and analyzes new universal trapping method of comparatively slow-speed particles of a rarefied gas medium in the potential well induced by the nonhomogeneous electromagnetic field increasing with time (up to some moment). Given method is especially effective at inelastic collisions of particles with walls of the gas cell when necessary preliminary slowdown of particles is possible for their following capture even to a highly shallow potential depth. Corresponding sufficiently compact and simple electromagnetic traps may be used for capture and accumulation not only slow-speed micro- and nano-particles in the high vacuum but also atoms and molecules of a rarefied gas in a cell.

physics.gen-ph↗

Differential geometry and scalar gravitational waves

Following some strong argumentations of differential geometry in the Landau's book, some corrections about errors in the old literature on scalar gravitational waves (SGWs) are given and discussed. In the analysis of the response ofi nterferometers the computation is first performed in the low frequencies approximation, then the analysis is applied to all SGWs in the full frequency and angular dependences. The presented results are in agreement with the more recent literature on SGWs.

physics.gen-ph↗

Bending of light caused by gravitation: the same result via totally different philosophies

We offer a concise and direct way to derive the bending angle of light (i.e. as generally called, gravitational lensing), while light grazes a star, through the approach suggested earlier by the first author, which is fundamentally based on the energy conservation law and the weak equivalence principle. We come out with the same result as that of the general theory of relativity (GTR), although the philosophies behind are totally different from each other. We emphasize that in our approach, there is no need to draw a distinction between light and ordinary matter, which makes our approach of gravity potentially compatible with quantum mechanics. Furthermore, our equation that furnishes gravitational lensing, also furnishes the result about the precession of the perihelion of a planet. The results obtained are discussed.

physics.gen-ph↗

Biquaternion formulation of relativistic tensor dynamics

In this paper we show how relativistic tensor dynamics and relativistic electrodynamics can be formulated in a biquaternion tensor language. The treatment is restricted to mathematical physics, known facts as the Lorentz Force Law and the Lagrange Equation are presented in a relatively new formalism. The goal is to fuse anti-symmetric tensor dynamics, as used for example in relativistic electrodynamics, and symmetric tensor dynamics, as used for example in introductions to general relativity, into one single formalism: a specific kind of biquaternion tensor calculus.

physics.gen-ph↗

Testing of Dark Energy and a Solution of the Cosmological Constant Problem

A probable solution of the cosmological constant problem was recently found. We propose that dark energy of the Universe is vacuum energy. Our Universe during its expansion is spending its vacuum energy for creation of new quantum states, but in the quantum regime phase transitions were more effective in reducing the vacuum energy than creation of new quantum states. Here we show how the 123 crisis orders of the vacuum energy are reduced by conventional physical processes in both the quantum and classical regimes of the Universe evolution. Numeral estimates of dark energy evolution are also presented.

physics.gen-ph↗

Fundamental Principle of Information-to-Energy Conversion

The equivalence of 1 bit of information to entropy was given by Landauer in 1961 as kln2, k the Boltzmann constant. Erasing information implies heat dissipation and the energy of 1 bit would then be (the Landauers limit) kT ln 2, T being the ambient temperature. From a quantum-cosmological point of view the minimum quantum of energy in the universe corresponds today to a temperature of 10^(-29) degrees K, probably forming a cosmic background of a Bose condensate [1]. Then, the bit with minimum energy today in the Universe is a quantum of energy 10^(-45)ergs, with an equivalent mass of 10^(-66)g. Low temperature implies low energy per bit and, of course, this is the way for faster and less energy dissipating computing devices. Our conjecture is this: the possibility of a future access to the CBBC (a coupling/channeling?) would mean a huge jump in the performance of these devices.

physics.gen-ph↗

Relativistic particle in the rest frame

It is shown that for a specific choice of a particular solution of the relativistic wave equation, it falls into the Helmholtz equation and the Klein -Gordon equation. In this case, the squares of the rest masses of the particle with the relativistic dispersion relation are determined by the Helmholtz equation. It is suggested the possibility in principle of classification of the mass spectrum and lifetimes of the particles according to the discrete solutions of the Helmholtz equation in a particular model. In this case, it can be assumed that the lifetime of a particle is determined by the ratio of contributions to the wave function of the Bessel and collapsed Neumann functions. An opportunity to compare real elementary particles rest masses and especially lifetimes with the particles masses and lifetimes considered is discussed.

physics.gen-ph↗

Inflection point analysis for Greek seismicity 1900-2006

The seismicity of Greek region is studied under the prism of ESE & EDE methods for finding the inflection point of cumulative energy released. Main shocks are chosen from 106 years data. The result is that with both methods a critical time region exist at the end of 1982 to early 1983. After this time the seismicity tends to increase and gives remarkable events, like Athens Sep 1999 earthquake.

physics.gen-ph↗

How much weigh a pound in gravitational field

The force in the equation of motion of a particle should be in accordance with energy conservation in a constant gravitational field. It turns out that this is possible only if the force is given by the change of momentum per unit of coordinate (not proper) time. We discuss the consequences of this fact. In particular it turns out that the spring balance, which keeps the body at rest in (strong) gravitation field, shows the finite value even at infinitely close approach to horizons of black holes, if they exist in Nature.

physics.gen-ph↗

Evidence for undamped waves on ohmic materials

The propagation of electromagnetic fields in matter has been the subject of intensive studies since the discovery of its rich dynamics. Impedance measurements are one most used technique available to study material properties as well as electromagnetic devices and circuits. This way, novelties on device construction and circuit technology associated to new material properties and/or unusual field dynamics generally rely on results supported by impedance data. Recent advances on nanostructured materials explore astounding molecular properties derived from nanoscale levels and apply them to studies foucused on the generation of new devices. Accordingly, properties inherent to quantum dynamics can also generate unusual circuit elements, not included on the former development of the electromagnetic theory. On same footings, advances in field dynamics could also determine the advent of new technologies, producing immediate impact on our everyday life. In this work we present the results obtained by measuring the impedance of single spires and coils of specific geometry in the MHz range. They demonstrate that a new passive circuit element was found, which bears out the existence of an as yet unobserved propagation mode of the electromagnetic fields in matter. Our results also indicates that this effect is more evident using carbon made spires.

physics.gen-ph↗

Tunguska similar impacts and origin of life

The author suggests new vision of mechanism of initiation of life on the planets after Tunguska similar impacts. This mechanism takes into consideration not only incoming cosmic organic substance but also information, which is connected to this substance. Mathematical metrics of atom of hydrogen is deduced which may be used for pattern recognition algorithm. In accordance to author's opinion, similar algorithm can promote evolution (transformation) of inert organic substance into living substance. The fact of a survival of vegetation after the Tunguska event is analyzed especially. Also the author checked up his probably Tunguska meteorites by strong magnet. The presence of magnetic substance was detected with concentration of 10-2 % during this test.

physics.gen-ph↗

Vacuum Energy, Black Holes and the Cosmological Constant

We consider a possibility that the formally infinite vacuum energy of the quantized matter fields could be stored into Planck-size quantum black holes acting as the fundamental constituents of space and time. Using the recently proposed thermodynamical equation of state obeyed by the cosmological constant we indicate, how this idea might explain the smallness of the cosmological constant, if the vacuum energy is the source of the cosmological constant.

physics.gen-ph↗

Two novel methods for studying lowest frequency Earth oscillations before earthquakes

Two novel methods, one that is experimental and the other comprising a pair of theoretical types (one component that is mathematically rigorous and the other that is of frequency domain computational type), are being used in concert to study the motion of the Earth at periods in the neighborhood of 1000 s to beyond 10,000 s. Corresponding to frequencies lower than what is routinely measured by commercial seismographs, our observations are yielding new insights into the mysteries of Earth dynamics responsible for earthquakes.

physics.gen-ph↗

Relativistic theory of di-Holeums - quantized gravitational bound states of two micro black holes

The Klein-Gordon equation is solved for di-Holeums (gravitational bound states of two micro black holes) for scalar and vector gravity in its static limit. The relativistic models confirm the predictions of the nonrelativistic Newtonian gravity model, correct to about six significant figures over almost the entire sub-Planck domain. All three models possess a mass range devoid of physics. This is interpreted as evidence that the universe must have more than four dimensions. We show that the formation of Holeums is feasible both in the sub-Planck mass and above-Planck mass ranges.

physics.gen-ph↗

Why not only electric discharge but even a minimum charge on the surface of highly sensitive explosives can catalyze their gradual exothermic decomposition and how a cloud of unipolar charged explosive particles turns into ball lightning

Even a single excess electron or ion migrating on the surface of sensitive explosives can catalyze their gradual exothermic decomposition. Mechanisms underlying such a charge-induced gradual thermal decomposition of highly sensitive explosives can be different. If sensitive explosive is a polar liquid, intense charge-dipole attraction between excess surface charges and surrounding explosive molecules can result in repetitive attempts of solvation of these charges by polar explosive molecules. Every attempt of such uncompleted nonequilibrium solvation causes local exothermic decomposition of thermolabile polar molecules accompanied by further thermal jumping unsolvated excess charges to new surface sites. Thus, ionized mobile hot spots emerge on charged explosive surface. Stochastic migration of ionized hot spots on explosive surface causes gradual exothermic decomposition of the whole mass of the polar explosive. The similar gradual charge-catalyzed exothermic decomposition of both polar and nonpolar highly sensitive explosives can be also caused by intense charge-dipole attacks of surrounding water vapor molecules electrostatically attracted from ambient humid air and strongly accelerated towards charged sites on explosive surfaces. Emission of electrons, photons and heat from ionized hot spots randomly migrating on charged surface of highly sensitive explosive aerosol nanoparticles converts such particles into the form of short-circuited thermionic nanobatteries.

physics.gen-ph↗

Are atomic clocks slowing down? Possible connection between the quantum and the cosmos: A feasible experimental test of objective realism

An alternative to the current accepted model of expanding universe is presented. The proposal is anchored in the objective realist, stochastic formulation of quantum mechanics wherein the Planck constant plays the role of a diffusion constant which need not be an universal constant for all epochs. This underlying noise is charecterised by a very high initial value of the Planck constant which gradually decreased over the epochs gone by, finally reaching its present value .It is this decrease in the strength of the Planck constant that causes a spectral red shift with the passage of time .The compatibility of this proposal with some cosmological data is shown.Feasible spectroscopic measurement of a specific spectral line frequency done over a period of a few years can decisively either validate or invalidate the proposal in a terrestrially bound experiment. This proposal predicts a slowing down of atomic clocks by nearly 2. 10^-18 s with respect to every preceding second. A positive experimental outcome will validate the objective realist basis of quantum physics as advocated by Einstein and many others.

physics.gen-ph↗

Quantum selfish gene (biological evolution in terms of quantum mechanics)

I propose to treat the biological evolution of genoms by means of quantum mechanical tools. We start with the concept of meta- gene, which specifies the "selfish gene" of R.Dawkins. Meta- gene encodes the abstract living unity, which can live relatively independently of the others, and can contain a few real creatures. Each population of living creatures we treat as the wave function on meta- genes, which module squared is the total number of creatures with the given meta-gene, and the phase is the sum of "aspirations" to change the classical states of meta- genes. Each individual life thus becomes one of possible outcomes of the virtual quantum measurement of this function. The evolution of genomes is described by the unitary operator in the space of psi-functions or by Kossovsky-Lindblad equation in the case of open biosystems. This operator contains all the information about specific conditions under which individuals are, and how "aspirations" of their meta- genes may be implemented at the biochemical level. We show the example of quantum description of the population with two parts of meta-gene: "wolves" and "deer", which can be simultaneously in the same abstract living unity. "Selfish gene" reconciled with the notion of individuality of alive beings that gives possibility to consider evolutionary scenarios and their possible physical causes from the single position.

physics.gen-ph↗