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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
arXiv2013

Band dependent emergence of heavy quasiparticles in CeCoIn5

We investigate the low temperature (T $<$ 2 K) electronic structure of the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 (T$_c$ = 2.3 K) by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The hybridization between conduction electrons and f-electrons, which ultimately leads to the emergence of heavy quasiparticles responsible for the various unusual properties of such materials, is directly monitored and shown to be strongly band dependent. In particular the most two-dimensional band is found to be the least hybridized one. A simplified multiband version of the Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) is used to describe the data, resulting in semi-quantitative agreement with previous bulk sensitive results from de-Haas-van-Alphen measurements.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Superconductivity in Ir1-xRhxTe2 (0<=x<=0.3)

We report superconductivity, physical and structural properties of Ir1-xRhxTe2 (0<=x<=0.3). Superconducting transition with maximum Tc~2.6 K appears when the doping content of Rh x is in between 0.15 and 0.3. Further increasing the content of Rh will suppress the superconductivity. On the other hand, the high-temperature structural transition is suppressed gradually as Rh is incorporated into the lattice, eventually vanishing at x=0.2. These results imply competing relationship between structural transition and superconductivity. The isovalent ionic substitution of Rh into Ir has different effects on physical properties when compared to the isovalent anionic substitution of Se into Te, in which the structural transition is enhanced with Se substitution. It indicates the changes of structural parameters such as ionic size and electronegativity of elements will also have important effects on the evolution of physical properties in IrTe2.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Dendritic flux avalanches in Niobium single crystal near critical temperature

We report on the observation of dendritic flux avalanches in a large Niobium single crystal. In contrast to avalanches observed in thin films, they appear only in a very narrow temperature interval of about a tenth of a Kelvin near the critical temperature of Nb. At a fixed temperature, we find two sets of dendritic structures, which differ by the magnetic field required for their formation and by the maximum distance the dendrites penetrate into the sample. The effect is caused by dendritic flux penetration into thin superconducting surface layers formed in the single crystal close to the critical temperature.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Superconducting Graphene: the conspiracy of doping and strain

Graphene has exhibited a wealth of fascinating properties, but is also known not to be a superconductor. Remarkably, we show that graphene can be made a conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductor by the combined effect of charge doping and tensile strain. While the effect of doping is obvious to enlarge Fermi surface, the effect of strain is profound to greatly increase the electron-phonon coupling. At the experimental accessible doping (4E+14cm-2) and strain (~16%) levels, the superconducting critical temperature Tc reaches as high as ~30 K, the highest for a single-element material above the liquid hydrogen temperature. This significantly makes graphene a commercially viable superconductor.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Synthesis of the Conventional Phenomenological Theories of Superconductivity with Marginal Fermi Liquid Model

In this work we have done phenomenology based model calculations for some of the thermodynamic and electrodynamic properties of the strongly correlated superconductors of Cuprate type. The method involves the application of the theoretical result for electronic specific heat in the normal phase from Marginal Fermi Liquid theory to the Gorter-Casimir two fluid model to derive the temperature dependence of the critical magnetic field corresponding to a type-I system, using the standard variational technique. We also applied this modified two fluid scheme to the London theory and obtained an expression for the temperature dependence of the magnetic field penetration depth in the superconducting phase. Our results are in fairly good agreement with other theoretical results based on different approaches, as well as with the experimental results.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Comment on "Parametric amplification in Josephson junction embedded transmission lines"

Recently Yaakobi and co-workers [Phys. Rev. B 87, 144301 (2013)] theoretically studied four-wave mixing and parametric amplification in a nonlinear transmission line consisting of capacitively shunted Josephson junctions. By deriving and solving the coupled-mode equations, they have arrived at the conclusion that in a wide frequency range around the pump frequency exponential parametric gain (in which the signal grows exponentially with distance) can be achieved. However, we have found a mathematical error in their derivation of the coupled-mode equations (Equation (A13)), which leads to the wrong expression of the gain factor and invalidates their conclusions on the gain and bandwidth. In this comment, we present the correct expression for the parametric gain. We show that for a transmission line with weak dispersion or positive dispersion ($Δk>0 $), as is the case discussed by Yaakobi et al, while quadratic (power) gain can occur around the pump frequency, exponential gain is impossible. Furthermore, for a transmission line with proper intrinsic or engineered dispersion, exponential gain occurs at frequencies where the phase matching condition is met, while around the pump frequency the gain is still quadratic.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Correlation effects and phonon modes softening with doping in Ba1-xKxBiO3

Monoclinic crystal structure of the undoped BaBiO3 can be described as a cubic perovskite distorted by a frozen breathing and tilting phonon modes of BiO6 octahedra. The phonon mode softening is experimentally observed [M. Braden et al., Europhysics Letters (EPL) 34, 531 (1996)] in Ba1-xKxBiO3 through potassium doping followed by a transition into an ideal cubic perovskite structure at x = 0.37 close to the appearance of superconductivity. In our previous paper [D. Korotin et al., Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 24, 415603 (2012)] we demonstrated that it is necessary to take into account correlation effects by DFT+U method in Wannier functions basis to obtain a good agreement between the calculated and experimental values of crystal structure distortion and energy gap in BaBiO3. In the present work with the same method we calculated the breathing mode phonon frequencies as a function of potassium doping level in Ba1-xKxBiO3. Obtained frequencies are in a good agreement with experimental values and the breathing mode softening with doping effect is reproduced while calculations without consideration of correlation effects failed to do so. We shown that the cubic crystal structure becomes stable at x = 0.30 in agreement with the experimental transition to cubic perovskite at x = 0.37. The possible connections between the correlation effects, phonon mode softening, and superconductivity in Ba1-xKxBiO3 are discussed.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2013

The unique electronic structure of Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2-xPtxAs2)5 with metallic Pt4As8 layers

We studied the low-lying electronic structure of the newly discovered iron-platinum-arsenide superconductor, Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2-xPtxAs2)5 (Tc=22 K) with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We found that the Pt4As8 layer contributes to a small electron-like Fermi surface, indicative of metallic charge reservoir layers that are rare for iron based superconductors. Moreover, the electronic structure of the FeAs-layers resembles those of other prototype iron pnictides to a large extent. However, there is only dxy-orbital originated hole-like Fermi surface near the zone center, which is rather unique for an iron pnictide superconductor with relatively high superconducting transition temperature; and the dxz and dyz originated bands are not degenerate at the zone center. Furthermore, all bands near the Fermi energy show negligible kz dependence, indicating the strong two-dimensional nature of this material. Our results indicate this material possesses rather unique electronic structure, which enriches our current knowledge of iron based superconductors.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

The simultaneous occurrence of superparamagnetism and superconductivity in nominal single crystalline (Ca1-xPrx)Fe2As2 with 0 <= x <= 0.13

The observation of non-bulk superconductivity with an unexpectedly high onset transition temperature Tc up to ~ 49 K in non-superconducting single crystalline CaFe2As2 upon rare-earth doping has raised interesting questions concerning its origin. Several possibilities including interfacial mechanism have been proposed to account for the unusual observation. In an attempt to differentiate such propositions, we have carried out a systematic compositional and magnetic study on single crystals of nominal (Ca1-xPrx)Fe2As2 with 0 <= x <= 0.13 throughout the solubility range of Pr, which covers both the non-superconducting and superconducting regions. We found the unusual simultaneous occurrence of superparamagnetism and superconductivity with an x-independent Tc and a close correlation of the superconducting volume fraction with the magnetic cluster density and As-defect density. The finding demonstrates a close relationship among superconductivity, superparamagnetism, and defects, consistent with the previously proposed interface-mechanism, and offers a possible future path to higher Tc.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Structural and optical investigations of the iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe$_{1.03}$Se$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ under high pressure

Iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe$_{1.03}$Se$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ has been investigated under high pressure using synchrotron based x-ray diffraction and mid-infrared reflectance measurements at room temperature. Pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature (T$_c$) of the same sample has been determined by temperature-dependent resistance measurements up to 10 GPa. Although the high pressure orthorhombic phase ($\textit{Pbnm}$) starts emerging at 4 GPa, structural transition becomes clearly observable above 10 GPa. A strong correlation is observed between the Fe(Se,Te)$_{4}$ tetrahedral deformation in the tetragonal phase ($\textit{P4/nmm}$) and the sharp rise of T$_c$ up to $\sim$4 GPa, above which T$_c$ is found to be almost pressure independent at least up to 10 GPa. A subtle structural modification of the tetragonal phase is noticed above 10 GPa, suggesting a structural transition with possible Fe$^{2+}$ spin-state transition. The evolution with pressure of the optical conductivity shows that the Drude term increases systematically with pressure up to 5.4 GPa, indicating the evolution of the tetragonal phase towards a conventional metallic state. At further higher pressures the Drude term reduces drastically implying a poor metallic character of the high pressure orthorhombic phase. Our results suggest that occurrence of large onset T$_c$ above 4 GPa is due to a systematic increase of high pressure orthorhombic phase fraction.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2013

McGill University M. Sc. Thesis: Topological Superconductivity without Proximity Effect

The search for a Majorana Fermion has been an area of intense interest in condensed matter research of late. This elusive particle, predicted to exist in 1937, has been sought after for both fundamental and practical reasons. On the fundamental level, no particle to date has been observed to be a Majorana fermion, meanwhile on the practical level a Majorana fermion, if found, would represent a non-abelian anyon and could thus be used to build a quantum computer. The search for a Majorana Fermion has recently shifted to topological superconductivity. Topological superconductors are categorized by the nontrivial wind- ing of their order parameter phase and for this reason are expected to support Majorana Fermions in their vortex cores. Owing to this, the study of topological superconductors has intensified in recent years. Current proposals for a device that may behave as a topological superconductor are based on semiconductor heterostructures, where the spin-orbit coupled bands of a semiconductor are split by a band gap or Zeeman field and superconductivity is induced by proximity to a conventional superconductor. In this setup, topological superconductivity is obtained in the semiconductor layer and the proposed heterostructures typically include two or three layers of different materials. In this thesis we propose a simplification to these types of devices, suggesting a way in which the superconducting layer can be replaced. Part of our proposal includes a model Hamiltonian for these types of systems. This thesis will also develop several different methods to analyze this model Hamiltonian in various different parameter regimes with the ultimate goal of classifying its topology.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Loop Current and Orbital Magnetism in Pyrite-Type $Ir_{3}Ch_{8}$ ($Ch=Se,Te$)

We study the parent compound of the pyrite-type $Ir_{x}Ch_{2}$ iridium chalcogenide superconductors, $Ir_{0.75}Ch_{2}$ (or $Ir_{3}Ch_{8}$). While the lattice structure of the material is rather complicated, we show that the electron physics near the Fermi surface (FS) can be described by a three-band tight-binding model. We find that the material possesses a loop current ground state which is responsible for the highly anisotropic strong diamagnetism observed in experiments. The fluctuations of this loop current state can be a possible pairing mechanism for superconductivity.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Mechanism of formation and peculiarities of structure of bulk MgB2 compound specimens

The existence of two phases within one and the same hexagonal lattice of MgB2 compound, differing in Mg and B (in the homogeneity region) and especially in impurity oxygen content, as well as in microstructure, is demonstrated by various techniques. The regions corresponding to these two phases of MgB2 have the sizes of 100-500 μm, and they fill the whole bulk of specimens, alternating with each other. It is suggested that the two-phase state of MgB2 compound is caused by specific features of its formation mechanism (as a result of synthesis at 800-1000°C), including the stages of Mg melting, dissolution of solid boron in it up to the composition of MgB2 and further crystallization of the MgB2 compound from the melt with the formation of dendrite-like structure with corresponding redistribution of main components and impurities.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Superconducting instability of a non-magnetic metallic band in an antiferromagnetic background

It is shown that a non-magnetic metallic band in the presence of an antiferromagnetic background coupled only by the exchange interaction develops a superconducting instability similar to the one described by BCS theory plus additional terms that strongly renormalize the spin excitation spectra. A Bardeen-Pines-like hole-hole interaction Hamiltonian, mediated by magnetic excitations, is deduced from a microscopic model of a fermion band and a spin band that interact with each other only via the exchange interaction. The theory shows the appearance of an attractive interaction when the Fermi velocity in the non-magnetic band is larger than the magnon velocity in the magnetic band. The electron-magnon scattering is suppressed by the appearance of a spin gap simultaneously with the superconducting state. Although this model may well describe a general class of materials to be discovered, the possibility that this theory could describe superconducting cuprates is discussed.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

On the Hall Effect in the pseudogap phase of cuprates

Angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) experiments reveal the coherent electronic excitation in the energy spectrum of under- and optimally doped cuprates at temperatures above their temperature of transition into superconducting state only near nodal points on the parts of the "bare" Fermi surface known as the Fermi arcs. That raises questions about the meaning and possible interpretations of the experimental data. Below we derive expressions for the Hall coefficient for the Fermi arc model both in weak and strong magnetic fields.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

How HF solutions for the TB interacting electrons in 2D predict SCES properties and suggest phenomenology for attaining RTS

Former results for a Tight-Binding (TB) model of CuO planes in La2CuO4 are reinterpreted here to underline their wider implications. It is noted that physical systems being appropriately described by the TB model can exhibit the main strongly correlated electron system (SCES) properties, when they are solved in the HF approximation, by also allowing crystal symmetry breaking effects and non-collinear spin orientations of the HF orbitals. It is argued how a simple 2D square lattice system of Coulomb interacting electrons can exhibit insulator gaps and pseudogap states, and quantum phase transitions as illustrated by the mentioned former works. A discussion is also presented here indicating the possibility of attaining room temperature superconductivity, by means of a surface coating with water molecules of cleaved planes of graphite, being orthogonal to its c-axis. The possibility that 2D arrays of quantum dots can give rise to the same effect is also proposed to consideration. The analysis also furnishes theoretical insight to solve the Mott-Slater debate, at least for the La2CuO4 and TMO band structures. The idea is to apply a properly non-collinear GW scheme to the electronic structure calculation of these materials. The fact is that the GW approach can be viewed as a HF procedure in which the screening polarization is also determined. This directly indicates the possibility of predicting the assumed dielectric constant in the previous works. Thus, the results seem to identify that the main correlation properties in these materials are determined by screening. Finally, the conclusions also seem to be of help for the description of the experimental observations of metal-insulator transitions and Mott properties in atoms trapped in planar photonic lattices.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

Characterization of Anomalous Pair Currents in Josephson Junction Networks

Measurements performed on superconductive networks shaped in the form of planar graphs display anomalously large currents when specific branches are biased. The temperature dependencies of these currents evidence that their origin is due to Cooper pair hopping through the Josephson junctions connecting the superconductive islands of the array. The experimental data are discussed in terms of a theoretical model which predicts, for the system under consideration, an inhomogeneous Cooper pair distribution on the superconductive islands of the network.

cond-mat.supr-con↗