Proton Structure Functions at High $Q^{2}$ and High x at HERA

Syed Umer Noor

Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 0707.0118

Proton Structure Functions at High $Q^{2}$ and High x at HERA

Syed Umer Noor

View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Neutral and charged current deep inelastic scattering cross sections and structure functions are presented. The review also discusses improvements to the parton density measurements using jet cross section data and recent high $Q^{2}$ inclusive cross section measurements. The projected parton density uncertainties using the entire HERA data set are also presented.

Explore related subjects

hep-ex

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Syed Umer Noor. 2007-07-01. Proton Structure Functions at High $Q^{2}$ and High x at HERA. https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.0118

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Laboratory Characterization of a Ge-CCD Prototype for Future Near-Infrared Astronomical Instrumentation

Germanium charge-coupled devices (Ge-CCDs) extend CCD imaging beyond the silicon cutoff and are candidate detectors for the near-infrared channel of future astronomical instruments, in particular the spectrographs of next-generation wide-field surveys. We report the laboratory characterization at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) of a prototype fabricated at MIT Lincoln Laboratory. We describe the cryogenic test system and readout, and present measurements of the output waveform, dark current, readout noise, and X-ray response. The dark current at 94.69 K is $26.12 \pm 0.08$ e$^-$ pixel$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$. Under $^{55}$Fe irradiation without on-chip binning, the charge generated by an X-ray is confined within $2\times2$ pixels, and the Mn K$α$ line has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of $8.5 \pm 0.1$% for single-pixel events. Since the charge generated by X-rays above about 30 keV spreads over $3\times3$ or more pixels, the CCD was operated with $2\times2$ on-chip binning at higher energies. This yielded FWHMs of $8.4\pm0.4$% at 30.9 keV ($^{133}$Ba, ASCA grades 0, 2, 3, 4, and 6) and $7.45\pm0.04$% at 59.5 keV ($^{241}$Am, all grades). These results establish a baseline for the device and for the BNL test system. Measurements of the temperature dependence, optical response, and charge-transfer performance will connect this baseline to the requirements of near-infrared astronomical instruments.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2026

A REST-based Monte Carlo Simulation and Data Analysis Framework for the N$ν$DEx Experiment

The N$ν$DEx experiment is designed to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0νββ$) of $\mathrm{^{82}Se}$ and is planned to be deployed at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL). It employs a high-pressure time projection chamber (TPC) filled with $\mathrm{^{82}SeF_6}$ gas and a Topmetal pixelated charge readout system. The high $Q_{ββ}$ value of $\mathrm{^{82}Se}$, together with the track reconstruction capability of a gaseous TPC, provides strong potential for background suppression. In this work, we develop a full simulation and reconstruction framework for the N$ν$DEx experiment based on the REST (Rare Event Searches Toolkit) software framework. To meet the detector-specific requirements of N$ν$DEx, customized simulation processes are implemented to describe the detector geometry, electron drift and diffusion, the Topmetal readout plane, signal formation, and electronics response. These developments enable a complete software description of the detector response from energy deposition to digitized waveforms. A waveform-fitting-based reconstruction method is further applied to the simulated signals to extract the deposited charge and reconstruct the event energy. For simulated signal events, the reconstructed energy resolution reaches a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 1\%, satisfying the design requirement of the experiment. The resulting simulation and reconstruction chain provides a basis for future studies of detector response, background rejection, event classification, and optimization of the N$ν$DEx detector design.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2026

Characterization of Hamamatsu R11410-23 Photomultiplier Tubes and Performance in the PandaX-4T Detector

The PandaX-4T liquid xenon detector uses Hamamatsu 3-inch R11410-23 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) as the light sensors for ultra-low radioactivity, high quantum efficiency, and long-term stability of all PMTs at cryogenic temperature. Each PMT was thoroughly tested in a dedicated chamber before being installed in the detector to ensure compliance with experimental requirements. Main PMT characteristics, including gain, dark count rate, and after-pulse probability, were measured and the distributions of these parameters were presented. Additionally, all PMTs were tested in a cryogenic environment to simulate their operating conditions in an actual detector environment. Finally, we report the long-term performance of all PMTs during the commissioning run of the PandaX-4T experiment, and most of the PMTs worked well.

hep-ex↗