SearcharxivSearch

arXiv · 1207.0143

CDAS: A Crowdsourcing Data Analytics System

Abstract

Some complex problems, such as image tagging and natural language processing, are very challenging for computers, where even state-of-the-art technology is yet able to provide satisfactory accuracy. Therefore, rather than relying solely on developing new and better algorithms to handle such tasks, we look to the crowdsourcing solution -- employing human participation -- to make good the shortfall in current technology. Crowdsourcing is a good supplement to many computer tasks. A complex job may be divided into computer-oriented tasks and human-oriented tasks, which are then assigned to machines and humans respectively. To leverage the power of crowdsourcing, we design and implement a Crowdsourcing Data Analytics System, CDAS. CDAS is a framework designed to support the deployment of various crowdsourcing applications. The core part of CDAS is a quality-sensitive answering model, which guides the crowdsourcing engine to process and monitor the human tasks. In this paper, we introduce the principles of our quality-sensitive model. To satisfy user required accuracy, the model guides the crowdsourcing query engine for the design and processing of the corresponding crowdsourcing jobs. It provides an estimated accuracy for each generated result based on the human workers' historical performances. When verifying the quality of the result, the model employs an online strategy to reduce waiting time. To show the effectiveness of the model, we implement and deploy two analytics jobs on CDAS, a twitter sentiment analytics job and an image tagging job. We use real Twitter and Flickr data as our queries respectively. We compare our approaches with state-of-the-art classification and image annotation techniques. The results show that the human-assisted methods can indeed achieve a much higher accuracy. By embedding the quality-sensitive model into crowdsourcing query engine, we effectiv...[truncated].

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Xuan Liu, Meiyu Lu, Beng Chin Ooi, Yanyan Shen, Sai Wu, Meihui Zhang. 2012-06-30. CDAS: A Crowdsourcing Data Analytics System. https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0143

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

OmniTable: A Unified Wide-Table System for Petabyte-Scale LLM Data Curation and Exploration

Data curation is a critical bottleneck in industrial-grade LLM development, where petabyte-scale unstructured corpora are scattered across hundreds of physical tables, feature engineering relies on manual, table-centric pipeline orchestration, and data lineage is largely absent. We present OmniTable as an architecture blueprint for a unified wide-table layer built on Logical Unification, Physical Separation, targeting petabyte-scale LLM data curation and exploration. OmniTable makes four contributions: (1) a unified wide-table abstraction that consolidates multi-source heterogeneous data and thousands of derived features under a single logical schema via logical-physical mapping; (2) declarative feature lifecycle management that automates dependency resolution, execution planning, operator fusion, and lineage tracking, replacing manual pipeline orchestration with a "declare-and-execute" paradigm; (3) an adaptive execution engine with autonomous governance that achieves stable PB-scale feature backfill through heterogeneous compute routing (CPU/GPU), adaptive tuning, UDF-level fault tolerance, and automated storage layout optimization; and (4) hybrid-accelerated data exploration combining a global ID index, transparent OLAP offloading, and background materialized views to deliver second-level point lookups and filtered exports exceeding 20 TB/hour. In production, OmniTable manages over 35 PB of training data across web, code, PDF, and SFT domains, reducing the human-in-the-loop curation cycle from approximately 14 days to approximately 2.5 days (5.6x over the pre-OmniTable production workflow), with consistent feature versioning, auditable lineage, and minimal manual intervention.

cs.DB

When Does Low-Bit Quantization Preserve the Decisions of Vector Search?

Low-bit quantization can achieve high recall on some vector representations and fail sharply on others, while average distortion and global rank correlation do not explain the difference. We study quantized vector search at the level of the comparisons consumed by ranking and graph-pruning algorithms. Our first result is a distribution-free decomposition: the probability that a comparison flips is bounded by the probability mass of exact margins near zero plus the tail probability of the calibrated residual. We then account for dependence between residuals that share a query or graph node, and derive covariance-aware second-moment identities and tail bounds under a joint MGF proxy. For a frozen candidate permutation, we prove a deterministic coupling theorem for Vamana neighbour selection: the approximate replay returns the exact neighbour list exactly when all candidate-level pruning actions agree on the frozen exact states. We connect these results to representation geometry through an exact Gaussian oracle, establish a strict correlation gain from a deterministic magnitude bit in an aligned bilinear model, and give a rare-contamination construction showing why marginal Gaussian diagnostics do not imply the required residual tails. When analytical assumptions are unavailable, a held-out block certificate bounds the selective failure risk of a frozen quantized rule. Across learned, classical, and synthetic embeddings, standardized exact margins predict held-out ranking and pruning flip rates substantially better than global rank correlation. The framework applies to coordinate binary codes, RaBitQ, Lucene BBQ, and product quantizers through a common decision interface.

cs.DB

Contextual Utility of Quantization Moves in Extreme Low-Bit LLMs

Post-training quantizers select finite code changes using reconstruction proxies or local loss approximations, but the utility of a quantization move depends on the state through which it is executed. We identify two sources of this contextual dependence. First, the displacement of the move matters: evaluating the gradient at the move midpoint captures curvature accumulated along the move that a current-state linearization omits. Across frozen two-bit moves from Llama-3.2 models, midpoint evaluation predicts the direction of exact endpoint loss changes substantially more accurately than current-state gradients. Second, moves interact: exhaustive lattices of legal quantized states are well approximated by quadratic pseudo-Boolean functions, yet their small pairwise components can determine Pareto fronts and cause different evaluation functionals to prefer opposite directions. These effects explain failures of reconstruction-optimal code re-selection and additive composition. Reading each move at its own midpoint repairs the local selection step and improves downstream accuracy and held-out perplexity, while larger supports require evaluating exact endpoints from the state actually reached. Exact-endpoint beam search finds sparse changes that dominate much larger one-shot updates, and repricing the same moves after intervening changes produces widespread sign reversals. These results show that quantization utility is contextual at the granularity of a few moves: reliable construction must evaluate finite changes along their own paths and compose them from the evolving quantized state.

cs.DB