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arXiv · 1207.2811

The Red Supergiant Progenitor of Supernova 2012aw (PTF12bvh) in Messier 95

Schuyler D. Van Dyk·S. Bradley Cenko·Dovi Poznanski·Iair Arcavi·Avishay Gal-Yam·Alexei V. Filippenko·Kathryn Silverio·Alan Stockton·Jean-Charles Cuillandre·Geoffrey W. Marcy·Andrew W. Howard·Howard Isaacson
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Abstract

We report on the direct detection and characterization of the probable red supergiant progenitor of the intermediate-luminosity Type II-Plateau (II-P) supernova (SN) 2012aw in the nearby (10.0 Mpc) spiral galaxy Messier 95 (M95; NGC 3351). We have identified the star in both Hubble Space Telescope images of the host galaxy, obtained 17-18 yr prior to the explosion, and near-infrared ground-based images, obtained 6-12 yr prior to the SN. The luminous supergiant showed evidence for substantial circumstellar dust, manifested as excess line-of-sight extinction. The effective total-to-selective ratio of extinction to the star was R'_V \approx 4.35, which is significantly different from that of diffuse interstellar dust (i.e., R_V=3.1), and the total extinction to the star was therefore, on average, A_V \approx 3.1 mag. We find that the observed spectral energy distribution for the progenitor star is consistent with an effective temperature of 3600 K (spectral type M3), and that the star therefore had a bolometric magnitude of -8.29. Through comparison with recent theoretical massive-star evolutionary tracks we can infer that the red supergiant progenitor had an initial mass 15 \lesssim M_{ini} (M_sun) < 20. Interpolating by eye between the available tracks, we surmise that the star had initial mass ~17-18 M_sun. The circumstellar dust around the progenitor must have been destroyed in the explosion, as the visual extinction to the SN is found to be low (A_V=0.24 mag with R_V=3.1).

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Schuyler D. Van Dyk, S. Bradley Cenko, Dovi Poznanski, Iair Arcavi, Avishay Gal-Yam, Alexei V. Filippenko, Kathryn Silverio, Alan Stockton, Jean-Charles Cuillandre, Geoffrey W. Marcy, Andrew W. Howard, Howard Isaacson. 2012-07-11. The Red Supergiant Progenitor of Supernova 2012aw (PTF12bvh) in Messier 95. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/756/2/131

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