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arXiv · 1208.4039

The Hatano-Sasa equality: transitions between steady states in a granular gas

Anne Mounier·Antoine Naert
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Abstract

An experimental study is presented, about transitions between Non-Equilibrium Steady States (NESS) in a dissipative medium. The core device is a small rotating blade that imposes cycles of increasing and decreasing forcings to a granular gas, shaken independently. The velocity of this blade is measured, subject to the transitions imposed by the periodic torque variation. The Hatano-Sasa equality, that generalises the second principle of thermodynamics to NESS, is verified with a high accuracy (a few $10^{-3}$), at different variation rates. Besides, it is observed that the fluctuating velocity at fixed forcing follows a generalised Gumbel distribution. A rough evaluation of the mean free path in the granular gas suggests that it might be a correlated system, at least partially.

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Anne Mounier, Antoine Naert. 2012-10-11. The Hatano-Sasa equality: transitions between steady states in a granular gas. https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075%2F100%2F30002

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