Lipschitz regularity of the eigenfunctions on optimal domains

Abstract

We study the optimal sets $Ω^\ast\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ for spectral functionals $F\big(λ_1(Ω),\dots,λ_p(Ω)\big)$, which are bi-Lipschitz with respect to each of the eigenvalues $λ_1(Ω),\dots,λ_p(Ω)$ of the Dirichlet Laplacian on $Ω$, a prototype being the problem $$ \min{\big\{λ_1(Ω)+\dots+ λ_p(Ω)\;:\;Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^d,\ |Ω|=1\big\}}. $$ We prove the Lipschitz regularity of the eigenfunctions $u_1,\dots,u_p$ of the Dirichlet Laplacian on the optimal set $Ω^*$ and, as a corollary, we deduce that $Ω^*$ is open. For functionals depending only on a generic subset of the spectrum, as for example $λ_k(Ω)$ or $λ_{k_1}(Ω)+\dots+λ_{k_p}(Ω)$, our result proves only the existence of a Lipschitz continuous eigenfunction in correspondence to each of the eigenvalues involved.