Searching for New Physics in $D^0\rightarrow \mu^+\mu^-,\; e^+e^-, \;\mu^{\pm}e^{\mp}$ at BES and/or Super Charm-Tau Factory

Abstract

In contrast with $B^0-\bar B^0$, $B_s-\bar B_s$ mixing where the standard model (SM) contributions overwhelm that of new physics beyond standard model (BSM), a measured relatively large $D^0-\bar D^0$ mixing where the SM contribution is negligible, definitely implies the existence of new physics BSM. It is natural to consider that the rare decays of D meson might be more sensitive to new physics, and the rare decay $D^0\to \mu^+\mu^-$ could be an ideal area to search for new physics because it is a flavor changing process. In this work we look for a trace of new physics BSM in the leptonic decays of $D^0$, concretely we discuss the contributions of unparticle or an extra gauge boson $Z'$ while imposing the constraints set by fitting the $D^0-\bar D^0$ mixing data. We find that the long-distance SM effects for $D^0\to l\bar l$ still exceed those contributions of the BSM under consideration, but for a double-flavor changing process such as $D^0\to \mu^{\pm}e^{\mp}$, the new physics contribution would be significant.