Flux monitoring hard X-ray optics in a single electrode configuration

Stanislav Stoupin; Bing Shi; John Katsoudas

Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 1410.3601

Flux monitoring hard X-ray optics in a single electrode configuration

Stanislav Stoupin·Bing Shi·John Katsoudas

View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

To explore possibilities for X-ray flux monitoring on optical elements electrical responses of silicon and diamond single crystals and that of an X-ray mirror were studied under exposure to hard X-rays in a single electrode configuration in ambient air. To introduce flux monitoring as a non-invasive capability a platinum electrode was deposited on a small unexposed portion of the entrance surface of the crystals while for the X-ray mirror the entire mirror surface served as an electrode. It was found that the electrical responses are affected by photoemission and photoionization of the surrounding air. The influence of these factors was quantified using estimations of total electron yield and the ionization current. It is shown that both phenomena can be used for the non-invasive monitoring of hard X-ray flux on the optical elements. Relevant limits of applicability such as detection sensitivity and charge collection efficiency are identified and discussed.

Explore related subjects

physics.ins-det

Keep this discovery

BibTeX RIS

Stanislav Stoupin, Bing Shi, John Katsoudas. 2014-10-14. Flux monitoring hard X-ray optics in a single electrode configuration. https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.3601

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

High-Speed Semi-FE Readout Module for ATLAS MDT at HL-LHC: Design and Production-Level Characterization

The High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) introduces increased demands on the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer, particularly in terms of data throughput, timing distribution and system reliability. The Phase-II Chamber Service Module (CSM) is a key component of the upgraded Monitored Drift Tube (MDT) trigger and readout system, providing a high-speed interface between the front-end electronics and the backend systems. This paper describes the design and implementation of the Phase-II CSM, together with its validation. The results show that the CSM supports two independent optical uplinks, each operating at a line rate of 10.24 Gbps, together with clock distribution and slow control in the expected operating environment. Integration with small-diameter MDT (sMDT) chambers and tests with the prototype L0MDT trigger system are also presented. The CSM boards are now in production and will be used for installation and integration during the upcoming LHC Long Shutdown.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2026

Spectral Discrimination of Deposited Gamma-Ray Energies in a Simulated CeBr$_3$ Scintillator

We show that wavelength measurements of individual detected optical photons may provide additional information about gamma-ray energy deposited in a CeBr$_3$ crystal when the detected-photon-count distributions overlap for nearby gamma-ray energies. Monoenergetic 662 and 629 keV gammas are used in a Geant4 simulation of a $25\times25\times20~\mathrm{mm^3}$ CeBr$_3$ crystal. Assuming a light yield of $6.0\times10^4$ photons/MeV, a wavelength-independent photon-detection efficiency of 30%, and a wavelength resolution of $\sigma_{\lambda}=40$ nm, we find that the fraction of photons reconstructed above 385 nm gives an event-level separation of $\sim$ 2 standard deviations between the 662 and 629 keV event populations selected within the same $\sim$ 1%-wide detected-photon-count interval. No timing or reconstructed interaction-position information is used. The result demonstrates, within the present simulation model, that event-dependent optical spectra can retain energy information beyond an undifferentiated photon count.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2026

Operation of a negative ion gas time projection chamber without electronegative fill gases

The high fidelity reconstruction of particle tracks in micropatterned gaseous time projection chambers renders this technology ideal for future rare-event searches, including direction-sensitive dark matter experiments. Large drift distances are typically required for such experiments, so that the overall spatial resolution is limited by diffusion. Negative ion drift exhibits lower diffusion than electron drift and is thus an attractive option for realising a large-scale detector. The use of electronegative gases to create negative ions introduces technical challenges, most notably a reduction in gain when compared to conventional gas mixtures. In this study, we demonstrate a new method for negative ion generation via dissociative electron attachment using the conventional molecular fill gas CF$_4$. Our optical measurements of negative ion drift indicate electron attachment lengths of $<$1 mm and comparable gain to electron avalanches. The individual negative ion avalanches were also time-resolved, allowing the number of ions reaching the readout to be counted. We measure an improved energy resolution by single ion counting, relative to an integrated electron avalanche signal measured under identical gain conditions.

physics.ins-det↗