Searcharxiv⌕ Search

SEARCH · Searcharxiv

Results for “physics.ins-det”

Search indexed arXiv papers on artificial intelligence, large language models, computer vision and robotics. Read source abstracts and follow links to arXiv.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2007

Fabrication of Analog Electronics for Serial Readout of Silicon Strip Sensors

A set of analog electronics boards for serial readout of silicon strip sensors was fabricated. A commercially available amplifier is mounted on a homemade hybrid board in order to receive analog signals from silicon strip sensors. Also, another homemade circuit board is fabricated in order to translate amplifier control signals into a suitable format and to provide bias voltage to the amplifier as well as to the silicon sensors. We discuss technical details of the fabrication process and performance of the circuit boards we developed.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2011

Superconducting antenna for detection of gravitational waves

Combining the principle of magnetic flux quantization inside a superconducting loop and existence of rigid platforms (i.e., solids, non-deformable under the action of gravitational waves) a design for gravitational wave antenna is suggested. This design could yield a non-resonant detector, with modest sizes and capability to generate detectable signals for gravitational waves from astrophysical sources.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2018

The design of a very high-Q superconductor electromechanical clock

We discuss theoretically the properties of an electromechanical oscillator whose operation is based upon the cyclic, quasi-conservative conversion between gravitational potential, kinetic, and magnetic energies. The system consists of a strong-pinning type-II superconductor square loop subjected to a constant external force and to magnetic fields. The loop oscillates in the upright position at a frequency that can be tuned in the range 10-1000 Hz, and has induced in it a rectified electrical current. The emphasis of this paper is on the evaluation of the major remaining source of losses in the oscillations. We argue that such losses should be associated with the viscous vibration of pinned flux lines in the superconductor Nb-Ti wire, provided the oscillator is kept close to zero Kelvin, under high-vacuum, and the magnetic field is sufficiently uniform. We discuss how other different sources of loss would become negligible for such operational conditions, so that a very high quality factor Q exceeding 10^(10) might in principle be reached by the oscillator. The prospective utilization of such oscillator as a low-frequency high-Q clock is analyzed.Since publication the ideas in this paper have been explored both by the author and elsewhere, in applications covering Metrology, quantum systems, and gravimetry.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2007

Feasibility for p+/p- flow-ratio evaluation in the 0.5 - 1.5 TeV primary energy range, based on Moon-shadow muon measurements, to be carried out in the Pyramid of the Sun, Teotihuacan, Experiment

Calculations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of Moon shadow observations for mean primary energies in the region 0.5-1.5 TeV using a muon detector operating under the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan, Mexico. Due to the small height of that monument (65 m), the experiment is capable of providing considerably high statistics, although with reduced angular accuracy for primary particle direction reconstruction. Our estimates are based on simulations of muon production and transport in the atmosphere by CORSIKA and along the body of the pyramid by GEANT4. The deflection of primaries in the earth magnetic field is calculated using the IGRF model. The statistics for the Moon shadow observations, which depends on different factors affecting the accuracy of the primary particle direction reconstruction, are analyzed in detail.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

First performance studies of a prototype for the CASTOR forward calorimeter at the CMS experiment

We present results on the performance of the first prototype of the CASTOR quartz-tungsten sampling calorimeter, to be installed in the very forward region of the CMS experiment at the LHC. This study includes GEANT Monte Carlo simulations of the Cherenkov light transmission efficiency of different types of air-core light guides, as well as analysis of the calorimeter linearity and resolution as a function of energy and impact-point, obtained with 20-200 GeV electron beams from CERN/SPS tests in 2003. Several configurations of the calorimeter have been tested and compared, including different combinations of (i) structures for the active material of the calorimeter (quartz plates and fibres), (ii) various light-guide reflecting materials (glass and foil reflectors) and (iii) photodetector devices (photomultipliers and avalanche photodiodes).

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

Compensation of the Crossing Angle with Crab Cavities at KEKB

Crab cavities have been installed in the KEKB B--Factory rings to compensate the crossing angle at the collision point and thus increase luminosity. The beam operation with crab crossing has been done since February 2007. This is the first experience with such cavities in colliders or storage rings. The crab cavities have been working without serious issues. While higher specific luminosity than the geometrical gain has been achieved, further study is necessary and under way to reach the prediction of simulation.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

Tracking and vertexing at ATLAS

Several algorithms for tracking and for primary and secondary vertex reconstruction have been developed by the ATLAS collaboration following different approaches. This has allowed a thorough cross-check of the performances of the algorithms and of the reconstruction software. The results of the most recent studies on this topic are discussed and compared.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

X-Radiography of Cargo Containers

The problem of detecting a nuclear weapon smuggled in an ocean-going cargo container has not been solved, and the detonation of such a device in a large city could produce casualties and property damage exceeding those of September 11, 2001 by orders of magnitude. Any means of detecting such threats must be fast and cheap enough to screen the millions of containers shipped each year, and must be capable of distinguishing a threatening quantity of fissionable material from the complex loading of masses of innocent material found in many containers. Here we show that radiography with energetic X-rays produced by a 10 MeV electron accelerator, taking advantage of the high density and specific atomic properties of fissionable material, may be a practical solution.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2007

Detection of Neutron Sources in Cargo Containers

We investigate the problem of detecting the presence of clandestine neutron sources, such as would be produced by nuclear weapons containing plutonium, within cargo containers. Small, simple and economical semiconductor photodiode detectors affixed to the outsides of containers are capable of producing statistically robust detections of unshielded sources when their output is integrated over the durations of ocean voyages. It is possible to shield such sources with thick layers of neutron-absorbing material, and to minimize the effects of such absorbers on ambient or artificial external neutron fluxes by surrounding them with neutron-reflective material.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2007

ILC Positron Production Target Simulation

A photon-positron conversion target of the undulator or laser based polarized positron source is optimized using a modified GEANT-3 program adapted to count the spin transfer. High intensity positron beam with around 0.75 polarisation could be achieved choosing tungsten conversion target of 0.3 and 0.7 radiation lengths for the undulator and laser case respectively.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

Simulation of an All-Silicon Tracker

We present recent improvements in the performance of the reconstruction of non-prompt track in the SiD Detector Concept Design, including initial results on the effect of longitudinal segmentation in the SiD tracker. We also describe a generic tracking validation package developed at SCIPP.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

Muon Identification without Iron

Muons can be identified with high efficiency and purity and reconstructed with high precision is a detector with a dual readout calorimeter and a dual solenoid to return the flux without iron. We shown CERN test beam data for the calorimeter and calculations for the magnetic fields and the track reconstruction. For isolated tracks, the rejection of pions against muons ranges from $10^3$ at 20 GeV/c to $10^5$ at 300 GeV/c.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

Progress with Particle Flow Calorimetry

One of the most important requirements for a detector at the ILC is good jet energy resolution. It is widely believed that the particle flow approach to calorimetry is the key to achieving the ILC goal of a di-jet invariant mass resolution sigma_m/m < Gamma_Z/m_Z. This paper describes the current performance of the PandoraPFA particle flow algorithm. For simulated light quark jets in the Tesla TDR detector, the jet energy resolution achieved is better than sigma_E/E ~ 3.4% for jet energies in the range 45-250 GeV. This represents the first demonstration that Particle Flow Calorimetry can reach the ILC jet energy resolution goals.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

Calice Si-W EM Calorimeter: Preliminary Results of the Testbeams 2006

The CALICE Si-W electromagnetic calorimeter has been tested with electron beams (1 to 6 GeV) at DESY in May 2006, as well as electrons (6 to 45 GeV) and hadrons (6 to 80 GeV) at CERN in August and October 2006. Several millions of events have been taken at different incident angles and three beam impact positions. The ECAL calibration is performed with muon beams and shows a good uniformity for nearly all channels. The large statistics available allows not only to characterise the ECAL physics performance, but also to identify subtle hardware effects.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2007

S-Parameter Uncertainties in Network Analyzer Measurements with Application to Antenna Patterns

An analytical method was developed, to estimate uncertainties in full two-port Vector Network Analyzer measurements, using total differentials of S-parameters. System error uncertainties were also estimated from total differentials involving two triples of standards, in the Direct Through connection case. Standard load uncertainties and measurement inaccuracies were represented by independent differentials. Complex uncertainty in any quantity, differentiably dependent on S-parameters, is estimated by the corresponding Differential Error Region. Real uncertainties, rectangular and polar, are estimated by the orthogonal parallelogram and annular sector circumscribed about the Differential Error Region, respectively. From the user's point of view, manufactures' data may be used to set the independent differentials and apply the method. Demonstration results include: (1) System error differentials for Short, matching Load and Open pairs of opposite sex standards; (2) System error uncertainties for VNA extended by two lengthy transmission lines of opposite sex end-connectors; (3) High uncertainties in Z-parameters against frequency of an appropriately designed, DC resistive, T-Network; (4) Moderate uncertainties in amplitude and phase patterns of a designed UHF radial discone antenna (azimuthally rotated by a built positioner, under developed software control of a built hardware controller) polarization coupled with a constructed gain standard antenna (stationary) into an anechoic chamber.

physics.gen-ph↗