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arXiv · 1412.8731

Zernike amplitude pupil apodization for vortex coronagraphy with obscured apertures

Garreth J. Ruane·Mark R. Dennis·Grover A. Swartzlander
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Abstract

A set of pupil apodization functions for use with a vortex coronagraph on telescopes with obscured apertures is presented. We show analytically that pupil amplitudes given by real-valued Zernike polynomials offer ideal on-axis starlight cancellation when applied to unobscured circular apertures. The charge of the vortex phase element must be a nonzero even integer, greater than the sum of the degree and the absolute value of its azimuthal order of the Zernike polynomial. Zero-valued lines and points of Zernike polynomials, or linear combinations thereof, can be matched to obstructions in the pupils of ground-based telescopes to improve the contrast achieved by a vortex coronagraph. This approach works well in the presence of a central obscuration and radial support structures. We analyze the contrast, off-axis throughput, and post-coronagraph point spread functions of an apodized vortex coronagraph designed for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). This technique offers very good performance on apertures with large obscuring support structures similar to those on future 30-40m class ground-based telescopes.

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Garreth J. Ruane, Mark R. Dennis, Grover A. Swartzlander. 2014-12-30. Zernike amplitude pupil apodization for vortex coronagraphy with obscured apertures. https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.8731

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