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arXiv · 1502.02636

Measurement of the Target-Normal Single-Spin Asymmetry in Quasi-Elastic Scattering from the Reaction $^3$He$^\uparrow(e,e^\prime)$

Y. -W. Zhang·E. Long·M. Mihovilovič·G. Jin·K. Allada·B. Anderson·J. R. M. Annand·T. Averett·W. Boeglin·P. Bradshaw·A. Camsonne·M. Canan·G. D. Cates·C. Chen·J. P. Chen·E. Chudakov·R. De Leo·X. Deng·A. Deur·C. Dutta·L. El Fassi·D. Flay·S. Frullani·F. Garibaldi·H. Gao·S. Gilad·R. Gilman·O. Glamazdin·S. Golge·J. Gomez·O. Hansen·D. W. Higinbotham·T. Holmstrom·J. Huang·H. Ibrahim·C. W. de Jager·E. Jensen·X. Jiang·J. St. John·M. Jones·H. Kang·J. Katich·H. P. Khanal·P. King·W. Korsch·J. LeRose·R. Lindgren·H. -J. Lu·W. Luo·P. Markowitz·M. Meziane·R. Michaels·B. Moffit·P. Monaghan·N. Muangma·S. Nanda·B. E. Norum·K. Pan·D. Parno·E. Piasetzky·M. Posik·V. Punjabi·A. J. R. Puckett·X. Qian·Y. Qiang·X. Qiu·S. Riordan·G. Ron·A. Saha·B. Sawatzky·R. Schiavilla·B. Schoenrock·M. Shabestari·A. Shahinyan·S. Širca·R. Subedi·V. Sulkosky·W. A. Tobias·W. Tireman·G. M. Urciuoli·D. Wang·K. Wang·Y. Wang·J. Watson·B. Wojtsekhowski·Y. Ye·Z. Ye·X. Zhan·Y. Zhang·X. Zheng·B. Zhao·L. Zhu
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Abstract

We report the first measurement of the target single-spin asymmetry, $A_y$, in quasi-elastic scattering from the inclusive reaction $^3$He$^{\uparrow}(e,e^\prime)$ on a $^3$He gas target polarized normal to the lepton scattering plane. Assuming time-reversal invariance, this asymmetry is strictly zero for one-photon exchange. A non-zero $A_y$ can arise from the interference between the one- and two-photon exchange processes which is sensitive to the details of the sub-structure of the nucleon. An experiment recently completed at Jefferson Lab yielded asymmetries with high statistical precision at $Q^{2}=$ 0.13, 0.46 and 0.97 GeV$^{2}$. These measurements demonstrate, for the first time, that the $^3$He asymmetry is clearly non-zero and negative with a statistical significance of (8-10)$\sigma$. Using measured proton-to-$^{3}$He cross-section ratios and the effective polarization approximation, neutron asymmetries of $-$(1-3)% were obtained. The neutron asymmetry at high $Q^2$ is related to moments of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). Our measured neutron asymmetry at $Q^2=0.97$ GeV$^2$ agrees well with a prediction based on two-photon exchange using a GPD model and thus provides a new, independent constraint on these distributions.

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Y. -W. Zhang, E. Long, M. Mihovilovič, G. Jin, K. Allada, B. Anderson, J. R. M. Annand, T. Averett, W. Boeglin, P. Bradshaw, A. Camsonne, M. Canan, G. D. Cates, C. Chen, J. P. Chen, E. Chudakov, R. De Leo, X. Deng, A. Deur, C. Dutta, L. El Fassi, D. Flay, S. Frullani, F. Garibaldi, H. Gao, S. Gilad, R. Gilman, O. Glamazdin, S. Golge, J. Gomez, O. Hansen, D. W. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, J. Huang, H. Ibrahim, C. W. de Jager, E. Jensen, X. Jiang, J. St. John, M. Jones, H. Kang, J. Katich, H. P. Khanal, P. King, W. Korsch, J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, H. -J. Lu, W. Luo, P. Markowitz, M. Meziane, R. Michaels, B. Moffit, P. Monaghan, N. Muangma, S. Nanda, B. E. Norum, K. Pan, D. Parno, E. Piasetzky, M. Posik, V. Punjabi, A. J. R. Puckett, X. Qian, Y. Qiang, X. Qiu, S. Riordan, G. Ron, A. Saha, B. Sawatzky, R. Schiavilla, B. Schoenrock, M. Shabestari, A. Shahinyan, S. Širca, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, W. A. Tobias, W. Tireman, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, J. Watson, B. Wojtsekhowski, Y. Ye, Z. Ye, X. Zhan, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, B. Zhao, L. Zhu. 2015-02-09. Measurement of the Target-Normal Single-Spin Asymmetry in Quasi-Elastic Scattering from the Reaction $^3$He$^\uparrow(e,e^\prime)$. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.115.172502

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