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arXiv · 1504.04949

Equilibrium free energy measurement of a confined electron driven out of equilibrium

Andrea Hofmann·Ville F. Maisi·Clemens Rössler·Julien Basset·Tobias Krähenmann·Peter Märki·Thomas Ihn·Klaus Ensslin·Christian Reichl·Werner Wegscheider
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Abstract

We study out-of equilibrium properties of a quantum dot in a GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas. By means of single electron counting experiments, we measure the distribution of work and dissipated heat of the driven quantum dot and relate these quantities to the equilibrium free energy change, as it has been proposed by C. Jarzynski [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf78}, 2690 (1997)]. We discuss the influence of the degeneracy of the quantized energy state on the free energy change as well as its relation to the tunnel rates between the dot and the reservoir.

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Andrea Hofmann, Ville F. Maisi, Clemens Rössler, Julien Basset, Tobias Krähenmann, Peter Märki, Thomas Ihn, Klaus Ensslin, Christian Reichl, Werner Wegscheider. 2015-04-20. Equilibrium free energy measurement of a confined electron driven out of equilibrium. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.93.035425

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