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arXiv · 1509.08943

Thermodynamic entropy as a Noether invariant

Shin-ichi Sasa·Yuki Yokokura
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Abstract

We study a classical many-particle system with an external control represented by a time-dependent extensive parameter in a Lagrangian. We show that thermodynamic entropy of the system is uniquely characterized as the Noether invariant associated with a symmetry for an infinitesimal non-uniform time translation $t\to t+η\hbar β$, where $η$ is a small parameter, $\hbar$ is the Planck constant, $β$ is the inverse temperature that depends on the energy and control parameter, and trajectories in the phase space are restricted to those consistent with quasi-static processes in thermodynamics.

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Shin-ichi Sasa, Yuki Yokokura. 2016-02-12. Thermodynamic entropy as a Noether invariant. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.116.140601

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