Exact finite-size corrections in the dimer model on a planar square lattice

Abstract

We consider the dimer model on the rectangular $2M \times 2N$ lattice with free boundary conditions. We derive exact expressions for the coefficients in the asymptotic expansion of the free energy in terms of the elliptic theta functions ($\theta_2, \theta_3, \theta_4$) and the elliptic integral of second kind ($E$), up to 22nd order. Surprisingly we find that ratio of the coefficients $f_p$ in the free energy expansion for strip ($f_p^\mathrm{strip}$) and square ($f_p^\mathrm{sq}$) geometries $r_p={f_p^\mathrm{strip}}/{f_p^\mathrm{sq}}$ in the limit of large $p$ tends to $1/2$. Furthermore, we predict that the ratio of the coefficients $f_p$ in the free energy expansion for rectangular ($f_p(\rho)$) for aspect ratio $\rho > 1$ to the coefficients of the free energy for square geometries, multiplied by $\rho^{-p-1}$, that is $r_p=\rho^{-p-1} {f_p(\rho)}/{f_p^\mathrm{sq}}$, is also equal to $1/2$ in the limit of $p \to \infty$. We find that the corner contribution to the free energy for the dimer model on rectangular $2M \times 2N$ lattices with free boundary conditions is equal to zero and explain that result in the framework of conformal field theory, in which the central charge of the considering model is $c=-2$. We also derive a simple exact expression for the free energy of open strips of arbitrary width.