The first simultaneous measurement of Hubble constant and post-Newtonian parameter from Time-Delay Strong Lensing

Abstract

Strong gravitational lensing has been a powerful probe of cosmological models and gravity. To date, constraints in either domain have been obtained separately. We propose a new methodology through which the cosmological model, specifically the Hubble constant, and post-Newtonian parameter can be simultaneously constrained. Using the time-delay cosmography from strong lensing combined with the stellar kinematics of the deflector lens, we demonstrate the Hubble constant and post-Newtonian parameter are incorporated in two distance ratios which reflect the lensing mass and dynamical mass, respectively. Through the reanalysis of the four publicly released lenses distance posteriors from the H0LiCOW collaboration, the simultaneous constraints of Hubble constant and post-Newtonian parameter are obtained. Our results suggests no deviation from the General Relativity, $\gamma_{\texttt{PPN}}=0.87^{+0.19}_{-0.17}$ with a Hubble constant favors the local Universe value, $H_0=73.65^{+1.95}_{-2.26}$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$. Finally, we forecast the robustness of gravity tests by using the time-delay strong lensing for constraints we expect in the next few years. We find that the joint constraint from 40 lenses are able to reach the order of $7.7\%$ for the post-Newtonian parameter and $1.4\%$ for Hubble constant.