Algebras of convolution type operators with continuous data do not always contain all rank one operators

Abstract

Let $X(\mathbb{R})$ be a separable Banach function space such that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded $X(\mathbb{R})$ and on its associate space $X'(\mathbb{R})$. The algebra $C_X(\dot{\mathbb{R}})$ of continuous Fourier multipliers on $X(\mathbb{R})$ is defined as the closure of the set of continuous functions of bounded variation on $\dot{\mathbb{R}}=\mathbb{R}\cup\{\infty\}$ with respect to the multiplier norm. It was proved by C. Fernandes, Yu. Karlovich and the first author \cite{FKK19} that if the space $X(\mathbb{R})$ is reflexive, then the ideal of compact operators is contained in the Banach algebra $\mathcal{A}_{X(\mathbb{R})}$ generated by all multiplication operators $aI$ by continuous functions $a\in C(\dot{\mathbb{R}})$ and by all Fourier convolution operators $W^0(b)$ with symbols $b\in C_X(\dot{\mathbb{R}})$. We show that there are separable and non-reflexive Banach function spaces $X(\mathbb{R})$ such that the algebra $\mathcal{A}_{X(\mathbb{R})}$ does not contain all rank one operators. In particular, this happens in the case of the Lorentz spaces $L^{p,1}(\mathbb{R})$ with $1<p<\infty$.