On the analyticity of the nonlinear Fourier transform of the Benjamin-Ono equation on $\mathbb{T}$

Abstract

We prove that the nonlinear Fourier transform of the Benjamin-Ono equation on $\mathbb{T}$, also referred to as Birkhoff map, is a real analytic diffeomorphism from the scale of Sobolev spaces $H^{s}_{0}(\mathbb{T},\mathbb{R})$, $s > -1/2$, to the scale of weighted $\ell^2-$sequence spaces, $\mathfrak{h}^{s +1/2}_{r,0}(\mathbb{N},\mathbb{C})$, $s >-1/2$. As an application we show that for any $-1/2<s<0$, the flow map of the Benjamin-Ono equation $\mathcal{S}_0^t : H^{s}_{0}(\mathbb{T},\mathbb{R})\to H^{s}_{0}(\mathbb{T},\mathbb{R})$ is {\em nowhere locally uniformly continuous} in $H^{s}_{0}(\mathbb{T},\mathbb{R})$.