Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2111.07234

Speech Emotion Recognition System by Quaternion Nonlinear Echo State Network

Fatemeh Daneshfar·Seyed Jahanshah Kabudian
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The echo state network (ESN) is a powerful and efficient tool for displaying dynamic data. However, many existing ESNs have limitations for properly modeling high-dimensional data. The most important limitation of these networks is the high memory consumption due to their reservoir structure, which has prevented the increase of reservoir units and the maximum use of special capabilities of this type of network. One way to solve this problem is to use quaternion algebra. Because quaternions have four different dimensions, high-dimensional data are easily represented and, using Hamilton multiplication, with fewer parameters than real numbers, make external relations between the multidimensional features easier. In addition to the memory problem in the ESN network, the linear output of the ESN network poses an indescribable limit to its processing capacity, as it cannot effectively utilize higher-order statistics of features provided by the nonlinear dynamics of reservoir neurons. In this research, a new structure based on ESN is presented, in which quaternion algebra is used to compress the network data with the simple split function, and the output linear combiner is replaced by a multidimensional bilinear filter. This filter will be used for nonlinear calculations of the output layer of the ESN. In addition, the two-dimensional principal component analysis technique is used to reduce the number of data transferred to the bilinear filter. In this study, the coefficients and the weights of the quaternion nonlinear ESN (QNESN) are optimized using the genetic algorithm. In order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed model compared to the previous methods, experiments for speech emotion recognition have been performed on EMODB, SAVEE, and IEMOCAP speech emotional datasets. Comparisons show that the proposed QNESN network performs better than the ESN and most currently SER systems.

Explore related subjects

cs.SDeess.AS

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Fatemeh Daneshfar, Seyed Jahanshah Kabudian. 2021-11-14. Speech Emotion Recognition System by Quaternion Nonlinear Echo State Network. https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.07234

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Xiaomi-CocktailASR-1 Technical Report

Recently, large language model (LLM) based ASR models have achieved significant progress, yet they generally lack support for multi-speaker scenarios, where the cocktail party problem remains a critical bottleneck for further advancing ASR. Existing TS-ASR methods, including end-to-end architectures with speaker embeddings and latest LLM-based explorations suffer from degraded single-speaker performance and the inability to reject when the target speaker is absent. In this paper, we propose Xiaomi-CocktailASR-1, an LLM-based end-to-end TS-ASR architecture. By utilizing reference speech as voiceprint prompts, it directly transcribes the target speaker's speech without requiring speech separation. Xiaomi-CocktailASR-1 maintains competitive performance in single-speaker scenarios, comparable to mainstream ASR models. It also features a negative sample rejection capability, outputting empty text when the target speaker is absent from the mixed speech. Additionally, Xiaomi-CocktailASR-1 supports a Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning mode to provide explicit reasoning steps. Extensive experiments on various synthetic and real-world multispeaker benchmarks demonstrate that Xiaomi-CocktailASR-1 achieves state-of-the-art performance, effectively addressing the cocktail party problem through a unified architecture that balances multispeaker and single-speaker recognition accuracy, along with rejection capability.

cs.SD↗
arXiv2026

EConv-TasNet: Efficient Conv-TasNet for Effective Speech Separation

Conv-TasNet has served as a strong baseline for time-domain speech separation, and many studies have extended it with advanced architectures such as dual-path networks, U-Nets, and attention mechanisms. However, these methods often introduce high computational cost and complexity, limiting their deployment in resource-constrained scenarios. To address this issue, we propose eConv-TasNet, an efficient variant of Conv-TasNet that improves both effectiveness and efficiency without relying on resource-intensive modules. The proposed model consists of a group-wise early-splitting (GES) module and a multi-group feature aggregation (MGFA) module. GES generates discriminative speaker embeddings at intermediate stages, while MGFA progressively aggregates these group-level representations for refined mask estimation. Experimental results show that eConv-TasNet reduces model size by 22.4%, accelerates inference by 18.9%, and improves SI-SNRi by 14.0%-28.0% across three public benchmarks. Moreover, it achieves competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art methods while requiring significantly fewer parameters and lower inference cost. These results demonstrate a favorable efficiency-effectiveness trade-off for edge deployment.

cs.SD↗