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arXiv · 2202.12071

Formation and fragmentation of quantum droplets in a quasi-one dimensional dipolar Bose gas

S. De Palo·E. Orignac·R. Citro
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Abstract

We theoretically investigate the droplets formation in a tightly trapped one-dimensional dipolar gas of bosonic atoms. When the strength of the dipolar interaction becomes sufficiently attractive compared to the contact one, we show how a solitonic-like density profile evolves into a liquid-like droplet on increasing the number of particles in the trap. The incipient gas-liquid transition is also signalled by a steep increase of the breathing mode and a change in sign of the chemical potential. Upon a sudden release of the trap, varying the number of trapped atoms and the scattering length, the numerical solution of a time-dependent generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation shows either an evaporation of the cloud, the formation of a single self-bound droplet or a fragmentation in multiple droplets.These results can be probed with lanthanides atoms and help in characterizing the effect of the dipolar interaction in a quasi-one-dimensional geometry.

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S. De Palo, E. Orignac, R. Citro. 2022-02-24. Formation and fragmentation of quantum droplets in a quasi-one dimensional dipolar Bose gas. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.106.014503

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