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arXiv · 2204.12065

Search for supernova neutrinos and constraint on the galactic star formation rate with the KamLAND data

S. Abe·S. Asami·M. Eizuka·S. Futagi·A. Gando·Y. Gando·T. Gima·A. Goto·T. Hachiya·K. Hata·K. Hosokawa·K. Ichimura·S. Ieki·H. Ikeda·K. Inoue·K. Ishidoshiro·Y. Kamei·N. Kawada·Y. Kishimoto·M. Koga·M. Kurasawa·N. Maemura·T. Mitsui·H. Miyake·T. Nakahata·K. Nakamura·R. Nakamura·H. Ozaki·T. Sakai·H. Sambonsugi·I. Shimizu·J. Shirai·K. Shiraishi·A. Suzuki·Y. Suzuki·A. Takeuchi·K. Tamae·H. Watanabe·Y. Yoshida·S. Obara·A. Ichikawa·S. Yoshida·S. Umehara·K. Fushimi·K. Kotera·Y. Urano·B. E. Berger·B. K. Fujikawa·J. G. Learned·J. Maricic·S. N. Axani·L. A. Winslow·Z. Fu·J. Smolsky·Y. Efremenko·H. J. Karwowski·D. M. Markoff·W. Tornow·A. Li·J. A. Detwiler·S. Enomoto·M. P. Decowski·C. Grant·H. Song·T. O'Donnell·S. Dell'Oro
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Abstract

We present the results of a search for core-collapse supernova neutrinos, using long-term KamLAND data from 2002 March 9 to 2020 April 25. We focus on the electron antineutrinos emitted from supernovae in the energy range of 1.8--111 MeV. Supernovae will make a neutrino event cluster with the duration of $\sim$10 s in the KamLAND data. We find no neutrino clusters and give the upper limit on the supernova rate as to be 0.15 yr$^{-1}$ with a 90% confidence level. The detectable range, which corresponds to a >95% detection probability, is 40--59 kpc and 65--81 kpc for core-collapse supernovae and failed core-collapse supernovae, respectively. This paper proposes to convert the supernova rate obtained by the neutrino observation to the Galactic star formation rate. Assuming a modified Salpeter-type initial mass function, the upper limit on the Galactic star formation rate is <(17.5--22.7) $M_{\odot} \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ with a 90% confidence level.

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S. Abe, S. Asami, M. Eizuka, S. Futagi, A. Gando, Y. Gando, T. Gima, A. Goto, T. Hachiya, K. Hata, K. Hosokawa, K. Ichimura, S. Ieki, H. Ikeda, K. Inoue, K. Ishidoshiro, Y. Kamei, N. Kawada, Y. Kishimoto, M. Koga, M. Kurasawa, N. Maemura, T. Mitsui, H. Miyake, T. Nakahata, K. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, H. Ozaki, T. Sakai, H. Sambonsugi, I. Shimizu, J. Shirai, K. Shiraishi, A. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeuchi, K. Tamae, H. Watanabe, Y. Yoshida, S. Obara, A. Ichikawa, S. Yoshida, S. Umehara, K. Fushimi, K. Kotera, Y. Urano, B. E. Berger, B. K. Fujikawa, J. G. Learned, J. Maricic, S. N. Axani, L. A. Winslow, Z. Fu, J. Smolsky, Y. Efremenko, H. J. Karwowski, D. M. Markoff, W. Tornow, A. Li, J. A. Detwiler, S. Enomoto, M. P. Decowski, C. Grant, H. Song, T. O'Donnell, S. Dell'Oro. 2022-04-26. Search for supernova neutrinos and constraint on the galactic star formation rate with the KamLAND data. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357%2Fac7a3f

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