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arXiv · 2206.09972

Polarized x-rays constrain the disk-jet geometry in the black hole x-ray binary Cygnus X-1

Henric Krawczynski·Fabio Muleri·Michal Dovčiak·Alexandra Veledina·Nicole Rodriguez Cavero·Jiri Svoboda·Adam Ingram·Giorgio Matt·Javier A. Garcia·Vladislav Loktev·Michela Negro·Juri Poutanen·Takao Kitaguchi·Jakub Podgorný·John Rankin·Wenda Zhang·Andrei Berdyugin·Svetlana V. Berdyugina·Stefano Bianchi·Dmitry Blinov·Fiamma Capitanio·Niccolò Di Lalla·Paul Draghis·Sergio Fabiani·Masato Kagitani·Vadim Kravtsov·Sebastian Kiehlmann·Luca Latronico·Alexander A. Lutovinov·Nikos Mandarakas·Frédéric Marin·Andrea Marinucci·Jon Miller·Tsunefumi Mizuno·Sergey V. Molkov·Nicola Omodei·Pierre-Olivier Petrucci·Ajay Ratheesh·Takeshi Sakanoi·Andrei N. Semena·Raphael Skalidis·Paolo Soffitta·Allyn F. Tennant·Phillipp Thalhammer·Francesco Tombesi·Martin C. Weisskopf·Joern Wilms·Sixuan Zhang·Iván Agudo·Lucio A. Antonelli·Matteo Bachetti·Luca Baldini·Wayne H. Baumgartner·Ronaldo Bellazzini·Stephen D. Bongiorno·Raffaella Bonino·Alessandro Brez·Niccolò Bucciantini·Simone Castellano·Elisabetta Cavazzuti·Stefano Ciprini·Enrico Costa·Alessandra De Rosa·Ettore Del Monte·Laura Di Gesu·Alessandro Di Marco·Immacolata Donnarumma·Victor Doroshenko·Steven R. Ehlert·Teruaki Enoto·Yuri Evangelista·Riccardo Ferrazzoli·Shuichi Gunji·Kiyoshi Hayashida·Jeremy Heyl·Wataru Iwakiri·Svetlana G. Jorstad·Vladimir Karas·Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak·Fabio La Monaca·Ioannis Liodakis·Simone Maldera·Alberto Manfreda·Alan P. Marscher·Herman L. Marshall·Ikuyuki Mitsuishi·C. -Y. Ng·Stephen L. O'Dell·Chiara Oppedisano·Alessandro Papitto·George G. Pavlov·Abel L. Peirson·Matteo Perri·Melissa Pesce-Rollins·Maura Pilia·Andrea Possenti·Simonetta Puccetti·Brian D. Ramsey·Roger W. Romani·Carmelo Sgrò

Abstract

A black hole x-ray binary (XRB) system forms when gas is stripped from a normal star and accretes onto a black hole, which heats the gas sufficiently to emit x-rays. We report a polarimetric observation of the XRB Cygnus X-1 using the Imaging x-ray Polarimetry Explorer. The electric field position angle aligns with the outflowing jet, indicating that the jet is launched from the inner x-ray emitting region. The polarization degree is (4.01+-0.20)% at 2 to 8 kiloelectronvolts, implying that the accretion disk is viewed closer to edge-on than the binary orbit. The observations reveal that hot x-ray emitting plasma is spatially extended in a plane perpendicular to the jet axis, not parallel to the jet.

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Henric Krawczynski, Fabio Muleri, Michal Dovčiak, Alexandra Veledina, Nicole Rodriguez Cavero, Jiri Svoboda, Adam Ingram, Giorgio Matt, Javier A. Garcia, Vladislav Loktev, Michela Negro, Juri Poutanen, Takao Kitaguchi, Jakub Podgorný, John Rankin, Wenda Zhang, Andrei Berdyugin, Svetlana V. Berdyugina, Stefano Bianchi, Dmitry Blinov, Fiamma Capitanio, Niccolò Di Lalla, Paul Draghis, Sergio Fabiani, Masato Kagitani, Vadim Kravtsov, Sebastian Kiehlmann, Luca Latronico, Alexander A. Lutovinov, Nikos Mandarakas, Frédéric Marin, Andrea Marinucci, Jon Miller, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Sergey V. Molkov, Nicola Omodei, Pierre-Olivier Petrucci, Ajay Ratheesh, Takeshi Sakanoi, Andrei N. Semena, Raphael Skalidis, Paolo Soffitta, Allyn F. Tennant, Phillipp Thalhammer, Francesco Tombesi, Martin C. Weisskopf, Joern Wilms, Sixuan Zhang, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Niccolò Bucciantini, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu, Alessandro Di Marco, Immacolata Donnarumma, Victor Doroshenko, Steven R. Ehlert, Teruaki Enoto, Yuri Evangelista, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Shuichi Gunji, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Jeremy Heyl, Wataru Iwakiri, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Vladimir Karas, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Fabio La Monaca, Ioannis Liodakis, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Alan P. Marscher, Herman L. Marshall, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, C. -Y. Ng, Stephen L. O'Dell, Chiara Oppedisano, Alessandro Papitto, George G. Pavlov, Abel L. Peirson, Matteo Perri, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Maura Pilia, Andrea Possenti, Simonetta Puccetti, Brian D. Ramsey, Roger W. Romani, Carmelo Sgrò. 2022-06-20. Polarized x-rays constrain the disk-jet geometry in the black hole x-ray binary Cygnus X-1. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add5399

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