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arXiv · 2206.11631

The Nature of Luminous Quasars with Very Large C IV Equivalent Widths

Shuqi Fu·W. N. Brandt·Fan Zou·Ari Laor·Gordon P. Garmire·Qingling Ni·John D. Timlin III·Yongquan Xue
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Abstract

We report results for a complete sample of ten luminous radio-quiet quasars with large C IV equivalent widths (EW > 150 A). For 8/10 we performed Chandra snapshot observations. We find that, in addition to the enhanced C IV line EW, their He II and Mg II lines are enhanced, but the C III] line is not. Their X-ray emission is substantially stronger than expected from their ultraviolet luminosity. Additionally, these large C IV EW quasars show small C IV blueshifts and possibly low Eddington ratios, suggesting they are "extreme low Eigenvector 1 (EV1)" quasars. The mean excess He II EW is well-matched by Radiation Pressure Compression (RPC) photoionization models, with the harder aox ionizing spectrum. However, these results do not reproduce well the enhancement pattern of the C IV, Mg II, and C III] EWs, or the observed high C IV/Mg II ratio. RPC calculations indicate that the C IV/Mg II line ratio is an effective metallicity indicator, and models with sub-Solar metallicity gas and a hard ionizing continuum reproduce well the enhancement pattern of all four ultraviolet lines. We find that the C IV/Mg II line ratio in quasars is generally correlated with the excess X-ray emission. Extremely high EV1 quasars are characterized by high metallicity and suppressed X-ray emission. The underlying mechanism relating gas metallicity and X-ray emission is not clear, but may be related to radiation-pressure driven disk winds, which are enhanced at high metallicity, and consequent mass loading reducing coronal X-ray emission.

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Shuqi Fu, W. N. Brandt, Fan Zou, Ari Laor, Gordon P. Garmire, Qingling Ni, John D. Timlin III, Yongquan Xue. 2022-06-23. The Nature of Luminous Quasars with Very Large C IV Equivalent Widths. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357%2Fac7a36

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