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arXiv · 2301.10868

Near-field GHz rotation and sensing with an optically levitated nanodumbbell

Peng Ju·Yuanbin Jin·Kunhong Shen·Yao Duan·Zhujing Xu·Xingyu Gao·Xinjie Ni·Tongcang Li
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Abstract

A levitated non-spherical nanoparticle in a vacuum is ideal for studying quantum rotations and is an extremely sensitive torque and force detector. It has been proposed to probe fundamental particle-surface interactions such as the Casimir torque and the rotational quantum vacuum friction, which require it to be driven to rotate near a surface at sub-micrometer separations. Here, we optically levitate a silica nanodumbbell in a vacuum at about 430 nm away from a sapphire surface and drive it to rotate at GHz frequencies. The relative linear speed between the tip of the nanodumbbell and the surface reaches 1.4 km/s at a sub-micrometer separation. The rotating nanodumbbell near the surface demonstrates a torque sensitivity of $(5.0 \pm 1.1) \times 10^{-26} {\rm NmHz}^{-1/2}$ at room temperature. Moreover, we levitate a nanodumbbell near a gold nanograting and use it to probe the near-field intensity distribution beyond the optical diffraction limit. Our numerical simulation shows it is promising to detect the Casimir torque between a nanodumbbell and a nanograting.

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Peng Ju, Yuanbin Jin, Kunhong Shen, Yao Duan, Zhujing Xu, Xingyu Gao, Xinjie Ni, Tongcang Li. 2023-01-25. Near-field GHz rotation and sensing with an optically levitated nanodumbbell. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02442

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