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arXiv · 2304.12911

Dipole symmetry breaking and fractonic Nambu-Goldstone mode

Evangelos Afxonidis·Alessio Caddeo·Carlos Hoyos·Daniele Musso
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Abstract

We introduce a family of quantum field theories for fields carrying monopole and dipole charges. In contrast to previous realizations, fields have quadratic two-derivative kinetic terms. The dipole symmetry algebra is realized in a discretized internal space and connected to the physical space through a background gauge field. We study spontaneous symmetry breaking of dipole symmetry in 1+1 dimensions in a large-$N$ limit. The trivial classical vacuum is lifted by quantum corrections into a vacuum which breaks dipole symmetry while preserving monopole charge. By means of a Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation, heat-kernel and large-$N$ techniques, we compute the effective action for the low-energy modes. We encounter a fractonic immobile Nambu-Goldstone mode whose dispersion characteristics avoid Coleman-Hohenberg-Mermin-Wagner theorem independently of the large-$N$ limit.

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Evangelos Afxonidis, Alessio Caddeo, Carlos Hoyos, Daniele Musso. 2023-04-25. Dipole symmetry breaking and fractonic Nambu-Goldstone mode. https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12911

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