Eigenvalue Variations of the Neumann Laplace Operator Due to Perturbed Boundary Conditions

Abstract

This work considers the Neumann eigenvalue problem for the weighted Laplacian on a Riemannian manifold $(M,g,\partial M)$ under the singular perturbation. This perturbation involves the imposition of vanishing Dirichlet boundary conditions on a small portion of the boundary. We derive a sharp asymptotic of the perturbed eigenvalues, as the Dirichlet part shrinks to a point $x^*\in \partial M$, in terms of the spectral parameters of the unperturbed system. This asymptotic demonstrates the impact of the geometric properties of the manifold at a specific point $x^*$. Furthermore, it becomes evident that the shape of the Dirichlet region holds significance as it impacts the first terms of the asymptotic. A crucial part of this work is the construction of the singularity structure of the restricted Neumann Green's function which may be of independent interest. We employ a fusion of layer potential techniques and pseudo-differential operators during this work.