Determination of the critical points for systems of directed percolation class using machine learning

Abstract

Recently, machine learning algorithms have been used remarkably to study the equilibrium phase transitions, however there are only a few works have been done using this technique in the nonequilibrium phase transitions. In this work, we use the supervised learning with the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm and unsupervised learning with the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to study the nonequilibrium phase transition in two models. We use CNN and DBSCAN in order to determine the critical points for directed bond percolation (bond DP) model and Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton (DK) model. Both models have been proven to have a nonequilibrium phase transition belongs to the directed percolation (DP) universality class. In the case of supervised learning we train CNN using the images which are generated from Monte Carlo simulations of directed bond percolation. We use that trained CNN in studding the phase transition for the two models. In the case of unsupervised learning, we train DBSCAN using the raw data of Monte Carlo simulations. In this case, we retrain DBSCAN at each time we change the model or lattice size. Our results from both algorithms show that, even for a very small values of lattice size, machine can predict the critical points accurately for both models. Finally, we mention to that, the value of the critical point we find here for bond DP model using CNN or DBSCAN is exactly the same value that has been found using transfer learning with a domain adversarial neural network (DANN) algorithm.