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arXiv · 2308.11800

Complex-valued neural networks for voice anti-spoofing

Nicolas M. Müller·Philip Sperl·Konstantin Böttinger
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Abstract

Current anti-spoofing and audio deepfake detection systems use either magnitude spectrogram-based features (such as CQT or Melspectrograms) or raw audio processed through convolution or sinc-layers. Both methods have drawbacks: magnitude spectrograms discard phase information, which affects audio naturalness, and raw-feature-based models cannot use traditional explainable AI methods. This paper proposes a new approach that combines the benefits of both methods by using complex-valued neural networks to process the complex-valued, CQT frequency-domain representation of the input audio. This method retains phase information and allows for explainable AI methods. Results show that this approach outperforms previous methods on the "In-the-Wild" anti-spoofing dataset and enables interpretation of the results through explainable AI. Ablation studies confirm that the model has learned to use phase information to detect voice spoofing.

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Nicolas M. Müller, Philip Sperl, Konstantin Böttinger. 2023-08-22. Complex-valued neural networks for voice anti-spoofing. https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.11800

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