Typhoon: Thai Large Language Models

Kunat Pipatanakul; Phatrasek Jirabovonvisut; Potsawee Manakul; Sittipong Sripaisarnmongkol; Ruangsak Patomwong; Pathomporn Chokchainant; Kasima Tharnpipitchai

arXiv · 2312.13951

Typhoon: Thai Large Language Models

Kunat Pipatanakul·Phatrasek Jirabovonvisut·Potsawee Manakul·Sittipong Sripaisarnmongkol·Ruangsak Patomwong·Pathomporn Chokchainant·Kasima Tharnpipitchai

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Abstract

Typhoon is a series of Thai large language models (LLMs) developed specifically for the Thai language. This technical report presents challenges and insights in developing Thai LLMs, including data preparation, pretraining, instruction-tuning, and evaluation. As one of the challenges of low-resource languages is the amount of pretraining data, we apply continual training to transfer existing world knowledge from a strong LLM. To evaluate the Thai knowledge encapsulated in each model from the pretraining stage, we develop ThaiExam, a benchmark based on examinations for high-school students and investment professionals in Thailand. In addition, we fine-tune Typhoon to follow Thai instructions, and we evaluate instruction-tuned models on Thai instruction datasets as well as translation, summarization, and question-answering tasks. Experimental results on a suite of Thai benchmarks show that Typhoon outperforms all open-source Thai language models, and its performance is on par with GPT-3.5 in Thai while having only 7 billion parameters and being 2.62 times more efficient in tokenizing Thai text.

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Kunat Pipatanakul, Phatrasek Jirabovonvisut, Potsawee Manakul, Sittipong Sripaisarnmongkol, Ruangsak Patomwong, Pathomporn Chokchainant, Kasima Tharnpipitchai. 2023-12-21. Typhoon: Thai Large Language Models. https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.13951

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