Hidden nonreciprocity as a stabilizing effective potential in active matter

Matthew Du; Andriy Goychuk; Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

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arXiv · 2401.14690

Hidden nonreciprocity as a stabilizing effective potential in active matter

Matthew Du·Andriy Goychuk·Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

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Abstract

Nonreciprocal interactions are known to produce distinctive dynamics in active matter. To shed light on how the stationary state of such systems is affected by breaking reciprocity, we consider interacting particles propelled by persistent noise, where reciprocity is broken by a transverse force perpendicular to the gradient of the interaction energy. Focusing on the steady-state distribution of positions, we show that the nonreciprocal coupling helps keep the system at its stable configurations. Specifically, we demonstrate this effect for a variety of active systems whose stable configurations are energy minima, finding that the nonreciprocal coupling stiffens springs, aligns spins, and improves associative memory. In contrast, the transverse force does not change the stationary distribution of positions at all when the noise is thermal. Preliminary simulations suggest that this nonreciprocal coupling plays a similar stabilizing role in other active systems, such as those exhibiting motility-induced phase separation, whose stable configurations are not energy minima.

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Matthew Du, Andriy Goychuk, Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan. 2024-01-26. Hidden nonreciprocity as a stabilizing effective potential in active matter. https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.14690

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