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arXiv · 2406.09433

Kibble-Zurek Mechanism and Beyond: Lessons from a Holographic Superfluid Disk

Chuan-Yin Xia·Hua-Bi Zeng·András Grabarits·Adolfo del Campo
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Abstract

The superfluid phase transition dynamics and associated spontaneous vortex formation with the crossing of the critical temperature in a disk geometry is studied in the framework of the $AdS/CFT$ correspondence by solving the Einstein-Abelian-Higgs model in an $AdS_4$ black hole. For a slow quench, the vortex density admits a universal scaling law with the cooling rate as predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM), while for fast quenches, the density shows a universal scaling behavior as a function of the final temperature, that lies beyond the KZM prediction. The vortex number distribution in both the power-law and saturation regimes can be approximated by a normal distribution. However, the study of the universal scaling of the cumulants reveals non-normal features and indicates that vortex statistics in the newborn superfluid is best described by the Poisson binomial distribution, previously predicted in the KZM regime [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 240602 (2020)]. This is confirmed by studying the cumulant scalings as a function of the quench time and the quench depth. Our work supports the existence of a universal defect number distribution that accommodates the KZM scaling, its breakdown at fast quenches, and the additional universal scaling laws as a function of the final value of the control parameter.

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Chuan-Yin Xia, Hua-Bi Zeng, András Grabarits, Adolfo del Campo. 2024-06-07. Kibble-Zurek Mechanism and Beyond: Lessons from a Holographic Superfluid Disk. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69940-w

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