A comprehensive overview of diffuse correlation spectroscopy: theoretical framework, recent advances in hardware, analysis, and applications

Quan Wang; Mingliang Pan; Lucas Kreiss; Saeed Samaei; Stefan A. Carp; Johannes D. Johansson; Yuanzhe Zhang; Melissa Wu; Roarke Horstmeyer; Mamadou Diop; David Day-Uei Li

arXiv · 2406.15420

A comprehensive overview of diffuse correlation spectroscopy: theoretical framework, recent advances in hardware, analysis, and applications

Quan Wang·Mingliang Pan·Lucas Kreiss·Saeed Samaei·Stefan A. Carp·Johannes D. Johansson·Yuanzhe Zhang·Melissa Wu·Roarke Horstmeyer·Mamadou Diop·David Day-Uei Li

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Abstract

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is a powerful tool for assessing microvascular hemodynamic in deep tissues. Recent advances in sensors, lasers, and deep learning have further boosted the development of new DCS methods. However, newcomers might feel overwhelmed, not only by the already complex DCS theoretical framework but also by the broad range of component options and system architectures. To facilitate new entry into this exciting field, we present a comprehensive review of DCS hardware architectures (continuous-wave, frequency-domain, and time-domain) and summarize corresponding theoretical models. Further, we discuss new applications of highly integrated silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensors in DCS, compare SPADs with existing sensors, and review other components (lasers, fibers, and correlators), as well as new data analysis tools, including deep learning. Potential applications in medical diagnosis are discussed, and an outlook for the future directions is provided, to offer effective guidance to embark on DCS research.

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Quan Wang, Mingliang Pan, Lucas Kreiss, Saeed Samaei, Stefan A. Carp, Johannes D. Johansson, Yuanzhe Zhang, Melissa Wu, Roarke Horstmeyer, Mamadou Diop, David Day-Uei Li. 2024-05-18. A comprehensive overview of diffuse correlation spectroscopy: theoretical framework, recent advances in hardware, analysis, and applications. https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.15420

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