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arXiv · 2407.12213

Statistical mechanics of passive Brownian particles in a fluctuating harmonic trap

Derek Frydel
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Abstract

We consider passive Brownian particles trapped in an "imperfect" harmonic trap. The trap is imperfect because it is randomly turned off and on, and as a result, particles fail to equilibrate. Another way to think about this is to say that a harmonic trap is time-dependent on account of its strength evolving stochastically in time. Particles in such a system are passive and activity arises through external control of a trapping potential, thus, no internal energy is used to power particle motion. A stationary Fokker-Planck equation of this system can be represented as a third-order differential equation, and its solution, a stationary distribution, can be represented as a superposition of Gaussian distributions for different strengths of a harmonic trap. This permits us to interpret a stationary system as a system in equilibrium with quenched disorder.

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Derek Frydel. 2024-07-16. Statistical mechanics of passive Brownian particles in a fluctuating harmonic trap. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.110.024613

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