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arXiv · 2504.02445

Improved universal approximation with neural networks studied via affine-invariant subspaces of $L_2(\mathbb{R}^n)$

Cornelia Schneider·Samuel Probst
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Abstract

We show that there are no non-trivial closed subspaces of $L_2(\mathbb{R}^n)$ that are invariant under invertible affine transformations. We apply this result to neural networks showing that any nonzero $L_2(\mathbb{R})$ function is an adequate activation function in a one hidden layer neural network in order to approximate every function in $L_2(\mathbb{R})$ with any desired accuracy. This generalizes the universal approximation properties of neural networks in $L_2(\mathbb{R})$ related to Wiener's Tauberian Theorems. Our results extend to the spaces $L_p(\mathbb{R})$ with $p>1$.

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Cornelia Schneider, Samuel Probst. 2025-04-03. Improved universal approximation with neural networks studied via affine-invariant subspaces of $L_2(\mathbb{R}^n)$. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.02445

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