Circuit-level-configurable Zero-field Superconducting Diodes: A Universal Platform Beyond Intrinsic Symmetry Breaking

Xiaofan Shi; Ziwei Dou; Dong Pan; Guoan Li; Yupeng Li; Anqi Wang; Zhiyuan Zhang; Xingchen Guo; Xiao Deng; Bingbing Tong; Zhaozheng Lyu; Peiling Li; Fanming Qu; Guangtong Liu; Jianhua Zhao; Jiangping Hu; Li Lu; Jie Shen

arXiv · 2505.18330

Circuit-level-configurable Zero-field Superconducting Diodes: A Universal Platform Beyond Intrinsic Symmetry Breaking

Xiaofan Shi·Ziwei Dou·Dong Pan·Guoan Li·Yupeng Li·Anqi Wang·Zhiyuan Zhang·Xingchen Guo·Xiao Deng·Bingbing Tong·Zhaozheng Lyu·Peiling Li·Fanming Qu·Guangtong Liu·Jianhua Zhao·Jiangping Hu·Li Lu·Jie Shen

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Abstract

Modern industry seeks next-generation microelectronics with ultra-low dissipation and noise beyond semiconducting systems, where the superconducting electronics offer promise. Its physical foundation is the superconducting diode effect (SDE) with nonreciprocal supercurrent. SDE has hitherto mainly relied on material-specific intrinsic symmetry breaking in superconductors, suffering from low yield, controllability, and compatibility with further functional extension - an undesirable aspect for applications. Here, we demonstrated a field-free SDE due to the chemical potential shift from external circuit line resistance, which is generic and challenges the previous interpretations of the intrinsic symmetry breaking in superconductivity for zero-field SDE. Moreover, this SDE is circuit-level configurable since it can be electrically switched on/off with its polarity and efficiency precisely modulated via gate voltage and circuit reconfiguration, facilitating functional extension. Such a generic, controllable and extensible SDE addresses critical challenges in dissipationless circuit towards application, and thus establishes a robust platform for scalable superconducting electronics.

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Xiaofan Shi, Ziwei Dou, Dong Pan, Guoan Li, Yupeng Li, Anqi Wang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Xingchen Guo, Xiao Deng, Bingbing Tong, Zhaozheng Lyu, Peiling Li, Fanming Qu, Guangtong Liu, Jianhua Zhao, Jiangping Hu, Li Lu, Jie Shen. 2025-05-23. Circuit-level-configurable Zero-field Superconducting Diodes: A Universal Platform Beyond Intrinsic Symmetry Breaking. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18330

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