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arXiv · 2505.22072

On-the-fly Routing for Zero-shot MoE Speaker Adaptation of Speech Foundation Models for Dysarthric Speech Recognition

Shujie HU·Xurong Xie·Mengzhe Geng·Jiajun Deng·Huimeng Wang·Guinan Li·Chengxi Deng·Tianzi Wang·Mingyu Cui·Helen Meng·Xunying Liu
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Abstract

This paper proposes a novel MoE-based speaker adaptation framework for foundation models based dysarthric speech recognition. This approach enables zero-shot adaptation and real-time processing while incorporating domain knowledge. Speech impairment severity and gender conditioned adapter experts are dynamically combined using on-the-fly predicted speaker-dependent routing parameters. KL-divergence is used to further enforce diversity among experts and their generalization to unseen speakers. Experimental results on the UASpeech corpus suggest that on-the-fly MoE-based adaptation produces statistically significant WER reductions of up to 1.34% absolute (6.36% relative) over the unadapted baseline HuBERT/WavLM models. Consistent WER reductions of up to 2.55% absolute (11.44% relative) and RTF speedups of up to 7 times are obtained over batch-mode adaptation across varying speaker-level data quantities. The lowest published WER of 16.35% (46.77% on very low intelligibility) is obtained.

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Shujie HU, Xurong Xie, Mengzhe Geng, Jiajun Deng, Huimeng Wang, Guinan Li, Chengxi Deng, Tianzi Wang, Mingyu Cui, Helen Meng, Xunying Liu. 2025-05-28. On-the-fly Routing for Zero-shot MoE Speaker Adaptation of Speech Foundation Models for Dysarthric Speech Recognition. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22072

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