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arXiv · 2506.12204

Semantic Scheduling for LLM Inference

Wenyue Hua·Dujian Ding·Yile Gu·Yujie Ren·Kai Mei·Minghua Ma·William Yang Wang
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Abstract

Conventional operating system scheduling algorithms are largely content-ignorant, making decisions based on factors such as latency or fairness without considering the actual intents or semantics of processes. Consequently, these algorithms often do not prioritize tasks that require urgent attention or carry higher importance, such as in emergency management scenarios. However, recent advances in language models enable semantic analysis of processes, allowing for more intelligent and context-aware scheduling decisions. In this paper, we introduce the concept of semantic scheduling in scheduling of requests from large language models (LLM), where the semantics of the process guide the scheduling priorities. We present a novel scheduling algorithm with optimal time complexity, designed to minimize the overall waiting time in LLM-based prompt scheduling. To illustrate its effectiveness, we present a medical emergency management application, underscoring the potential benefits of semantic scheduling for critical, time-sensitive tasks. The code and data are available at https://github.com/Wenyueh/latency_optimization_with_priority_constraints.

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Wenyue Hua, Dujian Ding, Yile Gu, Yujie Ren, Kai Mei, Minghua Ma, William Yang Wang. 2025-06-13. Semantic Scheduling for LLM Inference. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12204

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