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arXiv · 2506.13778

Knowledge Compression via Question Generation: Enhancing Multihop Document Retrieval without Fine-tuning

Anvi Alex Eponon·Moein Shahiki-Tash·Ildar Batyrshin·Christian E. Maldonado-Sifuentes·Grigori Sidorov·Alexander Gelbukh
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Abstract

This study presents a question-based knowledge encoding approach that improves retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems without requiring fine-tuning or traditional chunking. We encode textual content using generated questions that span the lexical and semantic space, creating targeted retrieval cues combined with a custom syntactic reranking method. In single-hop retrieval over 109 scientific papers, our approach achieves a Recall@3 of 0.84, outperforming traditional chunking methods by 60 percent. We also introduce "paper-cards", concise paper summaries under 300 characters, which enhance BM25 retrieval, increasing MRR@3 from 0.56 to 0.85 on simplified technical queries. For multihop tasks, our reranking method reaches an F1 score of 0.52 with LLaMA2-Chat-7B on the LongBench 2WikiMultihopQA dataset, surpassing chunking and fine-tuned baselines which score 0.328 and 0.412 respectively. This method eliminates fine-tuning requirements, reduces retrieval latency, enables intuitive question-driven knowledge access, and decreases vector storage demands by 80%, positioning it as a scalable and efficient RAG alternative.

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Anvi Alex Eponon, Moein Shahiki-Tash, Ildar Batyrshin, Christian E. Maldonado-Sifuentes, Grigori Sidorov, Alexander Gelbukh. 2025-06-09. Knowledge Compression via Question Generation: Enhancing Multihop Document Retrieval without Fine-tuning. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13778

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