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arXiv · 2506.19911

Adding equatorial-asymmetric effects for spin-precessing binaries into the SEOBNRv5PHM waveform model

Héctor Estellés·Alessandra Buonanno·Raffi Enficiaud·Cheng Foo·Lorenzo Pompili
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Abstract

Gravitational waves from spin-precessing binaries exhibit equatorial asymmetries absent in non-precessing systems, leading to net linear momentum emission and contributing to the remnant's recoil. This effect, recently incorporated into only a few waveform models, is crucial for accurate recoil predictions and improved parameter estimation. We present an upgrade to the SEOBNRv5PHM model -- SEOBNRv5PHM_w/asym -- which includes equatorial asymmetric contributions to the l=m<=4 waveform modes in the co-precessing frame. The model combines post-Newtonian inputs with calibrated amplitude and phase corrections and a phenomenological merger-ringdown description, tuned against 1523 quasi-circular spin-precessing numerical relativity waveforms and single-spin precessing test-body plunging-geodesic waveforms. We find that SEOBNRv5PHM_w/asym improves the agreement with NR waveforms across inclinations, with median unfaithfulness reduced by up to 50% compared to SEOBNRv5PHM, and achieves 30-60% lower unfaithfulness than IMRPhenomXPNR and 76-80% lower than TEOBResumS_Dali. The model significantly improves the prediction of the recoil velocity, reducing the median relative error with numerical relativity from 70% to 1%. Bayesian inference on synthetic injections demonstrates improved recovery of spin orientations and mass parameters, and a reanalysis of GW200129 shows a threefold increase in the spin-precessing Bayes factor, highlighting the importance of these effects for interpreting spin-precessing events.

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Héctor Estellés, Alessandra Buonanno, Raffi Enficiaud, Cheng Foo, Lorenzo Pompili. 2025-06-24. Adding equatorial-asymmetric effects for spin-precessing binaries into the SEOBNRv5PHM waveform model. https://doi.org/10.1103/pjbd-pjxn

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