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arXiv · 2508.06971

Two-Stage Quranic QA via Ensemble Retrieval and Instruction-Tuned Answer Extraction

Mohamed Basem·Islam Oshallah·Ali Hamdi·Khaled Shaban·Hozaifa Kassab
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Abstract

Quranic Question Answering presents unique challenges due to the linguistic complexity of Classical Arabic and the semantic richness of religious texts. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage framework that addresses both passage retrieval and answer extraction. For passage retrieval, we ensemble fine-tuned Arabic language models to achieve superior ranking performance. For answer extraction, we employ instruction-tuned large language models with few-shot prompting to overcome the limitations of fine-tuning on small datasets. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art results on the Quran QA 2023 Shared Task, with a MAP@10 of 0.3128 and MRR@10 of 0.5763 for retrieval, and a pAP@10 of 0.669 for extraction, substantially outperforming previous methods. These results demonstrate that combining model ensembling and instruction-tuned language models effectively addresses the challenges of low-resource question answering in specialized domains.

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Mohamed Basem, Islam Oshallah, Ali Hamdi, Khaled Shaban, Hozaifa Kassab. 2025-08-09. Two-Stage Quranic QA via Ensemble Retrieval and Instruction-Tuned Answer Extraction. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06971

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