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arXiv · 2509.01755

A comprehensive study on the characterization of lyzed blood samples using dual-wavelength photoacoustics

Subhadip Paul·Hari Shankar Patel·Vatsala Misra·Ravi Rani·Amaresh K. Sahoo·Ratan K. Saha
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Abstract

Anemia is a global health concern, prompting the need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools, especially for vulnerable populations. Estimating the blood lysis level (LL) and oxygen saturation (SO2) are essential not only for anemia but also for other hemolytic conditions. This study explores the potential of photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy as a quantitative tool for evaluating hemolysis in anemia diagnosis. In vitro PA measurements on human blood samples were validated through computational modeling using the discrete dipole approximation, Monte Carlo, and k-Wave acoustic simulations. The quantitative values of blood hematocrit (H), LL and SO2 have been estimated using simulated and experimental PA signals. The wavelength pairs 700-905 nm and 700-1000 nm have been found to be optimal for the simultaneous estimation of these parameters and provided H and SO2 estimations with accuracy approximately > 90% up to LL=14% and for LL = 0-30%, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the actual and evaluated lysis levels has been computed to be \approx 0.90. Further investigation is needed to enhance the robustness and clinical applicability of the developed method under an in vivo setting when both the H and LL levels are not known.

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Subhadip Paul, Hari Shankar Patel, Vatsala Misra, Ravi Rani, Amaresh K. Sahoo, Ratan K. Saha. 2025-09-01. A comprehensive study on the characterization of lyzed blood samples using dual-wavelength photoacoustics. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01755

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