Case-Based Decision-Theoretic Decoding with Quality Memories

Hiroyuki Deguchi; Masaaki Nagata

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arXiv · 2509.12677

Case-Based Decision-Theoretic Decoding with Quality Memories

Hiroyuki Deguchi·Masaaki Nagata

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Abstract

Minimum Bayes risk (MBR) decoding is a decision rule of text generation, which selects the hypothesis that maximizes the expected utility and robustly generates higher-quality texts than maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding. However, it depends on sample texts drawn from the text generation model; thus, it is difficult to find a hypothesis that correctly captures the knowledge or information of out-of-domain. To tackle this issue, we propose case-based decision-theoretic (CBDT) decoding, another method to estimate the expected utility using examples of domain data. CBDT decoding not only generates higher-quality texts than MAP decoding, but also the combination of MBR and CBDT decoding outperformed MBR decoding in seven domain De--En and Ja$\leftrightarrow$En translation tasks and image captioning tasks on MSCOCO and nocaps datasets.

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Hiroyuki Deguchi, Masaaki Nagata. 2025-09-16. Case-Based Decision-Theoretic Decoding with Quality Memories. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12677

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