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arXiv · 2510.19080

Observation of tWZ production at the CMS experiment

CMS Collaboration
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Abstract

The first observation of single top quark production in association with a W and a Z boson in proton-proton collisions is reported. The analysis uses data at center-of-mass energies of 13 and 13.6 TeV recorded with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 200 fb$^{-1}$. Events with three or four charged leptons, which can be electrons or muons, are selected. Advanced machine-learning algorithms and improved reconstruction methods, compared to an earlier analysis, result in an unprecedented sensitivity to tWZ production. The measured cross sections for tWZ production are 248 $\pm$ 52 fb and 242 $\pm$ 77 fb for $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 and 13.6 TeV, respectively. The signal is established with a statistical significance of 5.8 standard deviations, with 3.5 expected, compared to the background-only hypothesis.

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CMS Collaboration. 2025-10-21. Observation of tWZ production at the CMS experiment. https://doi.org/10.1103/rk6w-1pcl

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